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sqlglot.dialects.bigquery

  1from __future__ import annotations
  2
  3import logging
  4import re
  5import typing as t
  6
  7from sqlglot import exp, generator, parser, tokens, transforms
  8from sqlglot.dialects.dialect import (
  9    Dialect,
 10    NormalizationStrategy,
 11    arg_max_or_min_no_count,
 12    binary_from_function,
 13    date_add_interval_sql,
 14    datestrtodate_sql,
 15    build_formatted_time,
 16    filter_array_using_unnest,
 17    if_sql,
 18    inline_array_unless_query,
 19    max_or_greatest,
 20    min_or_least,
 21    no_ilike_sql,
 22    build_date_delta_with_interval,
 23    regexp_replace_sql,
 24    rename_func,
 25    sha256_sql,
 26    timestrtotime_sql,
 27    ts_or_ds_add_cast,
 28    unit_to_var,
 29)
 30from sqlglot.helper import seq_get, split_num_words
 31from sqlglot.tokens import TokenType
 32
 33if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
 34    from sqlglot._typing import E, Lit
 35
 36logger = logging.getLogger("sqlglot")
 37
 38
 39def _derived_table_values_to_unnest(self: BigQuery.Generator, expression: exp.Values) -> str:
 40    if not expression.find_ancestor(exp.From, exp.Join):
 41        return self.values_sql(expression)
 42
 43    structs = []
 44    alias = expression.args.get("alias")
 45    for tup in expression.find_all(exp.Tuple):
 46        field_aliases = (
 47            alias.columns
 48            if alias and alias.columns
 49            else (f"_c{i}" for i in range(len(tup.expressions)))
 50        )
 51        expressions = [
 52            exp.PropertyEQ(this=exp.to_identifier(name), expression=fld)
 53            for name, fld in zip(field_aliases, tup.expressions)
 54        ]
 55        structs.append(exp.Struct(expressions=expressions))
 56
 57    # Due to `UNNEST_COLUMN_ONLY`, it is expected that the table alias be contained in the columns expression
 58    alias_name_only = exp.TableAlias(columns=[alias.this]) if alias else None
 59    return self.unnest_sql(
 60        exp.Unnest(expressions=[exp.array(*structs, copy=False)], alias=alias_name_only)
 61    )
 62
 63
 64def _returnsproperty_sql(self: BigQuery.Generator, expression: exp.ReturnsProperty) -> str:
 65    this = expression.this
 66    if isinstance(this, exp.Schema):
 67        this = f"{self.sql(this, 'this')} <{self.expressions(this)}>"
 68    else:
 69        this = self.sql(this)
 70    return f"RETURNS {this}"
 71
 72
 73def _create_sql(self: BigQuery.Generator, expression: exp.Create) -> str:
 74    returns = expression.find(exp.ReturnsProperty)
 75    if expression.kind == "FUNCTION" and returns and returns.args.get("is_table"):
 76        expression.set("kind", "TABLE FUNCTION")
 77
 78        if isinstance(expression.expression, (exp.Subquery, exp.Literal)):
 79            expression.set("expression", expression.expression.this)
 80
 81    return self.create_sql(expression)
 82
 83
 84# https://issuetracker.google.com/issues/162294746
 85# workaround for bigquery bug when grouping by an expression and then ordering
 86# WITH x AS (SELECT 1 y)
 87# SELECT y + 1 z
 88# FROM x
 89# GROUP BY x + 1
 90# ORDER by z
 91def _alias_ordered_group(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
 92    if isinstance(expression, exp.Select):
 93        group = expression.args.get("group")
 94        order = expression.args.get("order")
 95
 96        if group and order:
 97            aliases = {
 98                select.this: select.args["alias"]
 99                for select in expression.selects
100                if isinstance(select, exp.Alias)
101            }
102
103            for grouped in group.expressions:
104                if grouped.is_int:
105                    continue
106                alias = aliases.get(grouped)
107                if alias:
108                    grouped.replace(exp.column(alias))
109
110    return expression
111
112
113def _pushdown_cte_column_names(expression: exp.Expression) -> exp.Expression:
114    """BigQuery doesn't allow column names when defining a CTE, so we try to push them down."""
115    if isinstance(expression, exp.CTE) and expression.alias_column_names:
116        cte_query = expression.this
117
118        if cte_query.is_star:
119            logger.warning(
120                "Can't push down CTE column names for star queries. Run the query through"
121                " the optimizer or use 'qualify' to expand the star projections first."
122            )
123            return expression
124
125        column_names = expression.alias_column_names
126        expression.args["alias"].set("columns", None)
127
128        for name, select in zip(column_names, cte_query.selects):
129            to_replace = select
130
131            if isinstance(select, exp.Alias):
132                select = select.this
133
134            # Inner aliases are shadowed by the CTE column names
135            to_replace.replace(exp.alias_(select, name))
136
137    return expression
138
139
140def _build_parse_timestamp(args: t.List) -> exp.StrToTime:
141    this = build_formatted_time(exp.StrToTime, "bigquery")([seq_get(args, 1), seq_get(args, 0)])
142    this.set("zone", seq_get(args, 2))
143    return this
144
145
146def _build_timestamp(args: t.List) -> exp.Timestamp:
147    timestamp = exp.Timestamp.from_arg_list(args)
148    timestamp.set("with_tz", True)
149    return timestamp
150
151
152def _build_date(args: t.List) -> exp.Date | exp.DateFromParts:
153    expr_type = exp.DateFromParts if len(args) == 3 else exp.Date
154    return expr_type.from_arg_list(args)
155
156
157def _build_to_hex(args: t.List) -> exp.Hex | exp.MD5:
158    # TO_HEX(MD5(..)) is common in BigQuery, so it's parsed into MD5 to simplify its transpilation
159    arg = seq_get(args, 0)
160    return exp.MD5(this=arg.this) if isinstance(arg, exp.MD5Digest) else exp.LowerHex(this=arg)
161
162
163def _array_contains_sql(self: BigQuery.Generator, expression: exp.ArrayContains) -> str:
164    return self.sql(
165        exp.Exists(
166            this=exp.select("1")
167            .from_(exp.Unnest(expressions=[expression.left]).as_("_unnest", table=["_col"]))
168            .where(exp.column("_col").eq(expression.right))
169        )
170    )
171
172
173def _ts_or_ds_add_sql(self: BigQuery.Generator, expression: exp.TsOrDsAdd) -> str:
174    return date_add_interval_sql("DATE", "ADD")(self, ts_or_ds_add_cast(expression))
175
176
177def _ts_or_ds_diff_sql(self: BigQuery.Generator, expression: exp.TsOrDsDiff) -> str:
178    expression.this.replace(exp.cast(expression.this, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP))
179    expression.expression.replace(exp.cast(expression.expression, exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP))
180    unit = unit_to_var(expression)
181    return self.func("DATE_DIFF", expression.this, expression.expression, unit)
182
183
184def _unix_to_time_sql(self: BigQuery.Generator, expression: exp.UnixToTime) -> str:
185    scale = expression.args.get("scale")
186    timestamp = expression.this
187
188    if scale in (None, exp.UnixToTime.SECONDS):
189        return self.func("TIMESTAMP_SECONDS", timestamp)
190    if scale == exp.UnixToTime.MILLIS:
191        return self.func("TIMESTAMP_MILLIS", timestamp)
192    if scale == exp.UnixToTime.MICROS:
193        return self.func("TIMESTAMP_MICROS", timestamp)
194
195    unix_seconds = exp.cast(
196        exp.Div(this=timestamp, expression=exp.func("POW", 10, scale)), exp.DataType.Type.BIGINT
197    )
198    return self.func("TIMESTAMP_SECONDS", unix_seconds)
199
200
201def _build_time(args: t.List) -> exp.Func:
202    if len(args) == 1:
203        return exp.TsOrDsToTime(this=args[0])
204    if len(args) == 2:
205        return exp.Time.from_arg_list(args)
206    return exp.TimeFromParts.from_arg_list(args)
207
208
209def _build_datetime(args: t.List) -> exp.Func:
210    if len(args) == 1:
211        return exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp.from_arg_list(args)
212    if len(args) == 2:
213        return exp.Datetime.from_arg_list(args)
214    return exp.TimestampFromParts.from_arg_list(args)
215
216
217def _str_to_datetime_sql(
218    self: BigQuery.Generator, expression: exp.StrToDate | exp.StrToTime
219) -> str:
220    this = self.sql(expression, "this")
221    dtype = "DATE" if isinstance(expression, exp.StrToDate) else "TIMESTAMP"
222
223    if expression.args.get("safe"):
224        fmt = self.format_time(
225            expression,
226            self.dialect.INVERSE_FORMAT_MAPPING,
227            self.dialect.INVERSE_FORMAT_TRIE,
228        )
229        return f"SAFE_CAST({this} AS {dtype} FORMAT {fmt})"
230
231    fmt = self.format_time(expression)
232    return self.func(f"PARSE_{dtype}", fmt, this, expression.args.get("zone"))
233
234
235class BigQuery(Dialect):
236    WEEK_OFFSET = -1
237    UNNEST_COLUMN_ONLY = True
238    SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False
239    SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False
240    LOG_BASE_FIRST = False
241    HEX_LOWERCASE = True
242    FORCE_EARLY_ALIAS_REF_EXPANSION = True
243    EXPAND_ALIAS_REFS_EARLY_ONLY_IN_GROUP_BY = True
244
245    # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/lexical#case_sensitivity
246    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE
247
248    # bigquery udfs are case sensitive
249    NORMALIZE_FUNCTIONS = False
250
251    # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/format-elements#format_elements_date_time
252    TIME_MAPPING = {
253        "%D": "%m/%d/%y",
254        "%E6S": "%S.%f",
255        "%e": "%-d",
256    }
257
258    FORMAT_MAPPING = {
259        "DD": "%d",
260        "MM": "%m",
261        "MON": "%b",
262        "MONTH": "%B",
263        "YYYY": "%Y",
264        "YY": "%y",
265        "HH": "%I",
266        "HH12": "%I",
267        "HH24": "%H",
268        "MI": "%M",
269        "SS": "%S",
270        "SSSSS": "%f",
271        "TZH": "%z",
272    }
273
274    # The _PARTITIONTIME and _PARTITIONDATE pseudo-columns are not returned by a SELECT * statement
275    # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/querying-partitioned-tables#query_an_ingestion-time_partitioned_table
276    PSEUDOCOLUMNS = {"_PARTITIONTIME", "_PARTITIONDATE"}
277
278    def normalize_identifier(self, expression: E) -> E:
279        if (
280            isinstance(expression, exp.Identifier)
281            and self.normalization_strategy is not NormalizationStrategy.CASE_SENSITIVE
282        ):
283            parent = expression.parent
284            while isinstance(parent, exp.Dot):
285                parent = parent.parent
286
287            # In BigQuery, CTEs are case-insensitive, but UDF and table names are case-sensitive
288            # by default. The following check uses a heuristic to detect tables based on whether
289            # they are qualified. This should generally be correct, because tables in BigQuery
290            # must be qualified with at least a dataset, unless @@dataset_id is set.
291            case_sensitive = (
292                isinstance(parent, exp.UserDefinedFunction)
293                or (
294                    isinstance(parent, exp.Table)
295                    and parent.db
296                    and (parent.meta.get("quoted_table") or not parent.meta.get("maybe_column"))
297                )
298                or expression.meta.get("is_table")
299            )
300            if not case_sensitive:
301                expression.set("this", expression.this.lower())
302
303        return expression
304
305    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
306        QUOTES = ["'", '"', '"""', "'''"]
307        COMMENTS = ["--", "#", ("/*", "*/")]
308        IDENTIFIERS = ["`"]
309        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\"]
310
311        HEX_STRINGS = [("0x", ""), ("0X", "")]
312
313        BYTE_STRINGS = [
314            (prefix + q, q) for q in t.cast(t.List[str], QUOTES) for prefix in ("b", "B")
315        ]
316
317        RAW_STRINGS = [
318            (prefix + q, q) for q in t.cast(t.List[str], QUOTES) for prefix in ("r", "R")
319        ]
320
321        KEYWORDS = {
322            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
323            "ANY TYPE": TokenType.VARIANT,
324            "BEGIN": TokenType.COMMAND,
325            "BEGIN TRANSACTION": TokenType.BEGIN,
326            "BYTEINT": TokenType.INT,
327            "BYTES": TokenType.BINARY,
328            "CURRENT_DATETIME": TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME,
329            "DATETIME": TokenType.TIMESTAMP,
330            "DECLARE": TokenType.COMMAND,
331            "ELSEIF": TokenType.COMMAND,
332            "EXCEPTION": TokenType.COMMAND,
333            "FLOAT64": TokenType.DOUBLE,
334            "FOR SYSTEM_TIME": TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT,
335            "MODEL": TokenType.MODEL,
336            "NOT DETERMINISTIC": TokenType.VOLATILE,
337            "RECORD": TokenType.STRUCT,
338            "TIMESTAMP": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
339        }
340        KEYWORDS.pop("DIV")
341        KEYWORDS.pop("VALUES")
342        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
343
344    class Parser(parser.Parser):
345        PREFIXED_PIVOT_COLUMNS = True
346        LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True
347        SUPPORTS_IMPLICIT_UNNEST = True
348
349        FUNCTIONS = {
350            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
351            "DATE": _build_date,
352            "DATE_ADD": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DateAdd),
353            "DATE_SUB": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DateSub),
354            "DATE_TRUNC": lambda args: exp.DateTrunc(
355                unit=exp.Literal.string(str(seq_get(args, 1))),
356                this=seq_get(args, 0),
357            ),
358            "DATETIME": _build_datetime,
359            "DATETIME_ADD": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DatetimeAdd),
360            "DATETIME_SUB": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DatetimeSub),
361            "DIV": binary_from_function(exp.IntDiv),
362            "FORMAT_DATE": lambda args: exp.TimeToStr(
363                this=exp.TsOrDsToDate(this=seq_get(args, 1)), format=seq_get(args, 0)
364            ),
365            "GENERATE_ARRAY": exp.GenerateSeries.from_arg_list,
366            "JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR": lambda args: exp.JSONExtractScalar(
367                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=seq_get(args, 1) or exp.Literal.string("$")
368            ),
369            "LENGTH": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
370            "MD5": exp.MD5Digest.from_arg_list,
371            "TO_HEX": _build_to_hex,
372            "PARSE_DATE": lambda args: build_formatted_time(exp.StrToDate, "bigquery")(
373                [seq_get(args, 1), seq_get(args, 0)]
374            ),
375            "PARSE_TIMESTAMP": _build_parse_timestamp,
376            "REGEXP_CONTAINS": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list,
377            "REGEXP_EXTRACT": lambda args: exp.RegexpExtract(
378                this=seq_get(args, 0),
379                expression=seq_get(args, 1),
380                position=seq_get(args, 2),
381                occurrence=seq_get(args, 3),
382                group=exp.Literal.number(1) if re.compile(args[1].name).groups == 1 else None,
383            ),
384            "SHA256": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(256)),
385            "SHA512": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(512)),
386            "SPLIT": lambda args: exp.Split(
387                # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/string_functions#split
388                this=seq_get(args, 0),
389                expression=seq_get(args, 1) or exp.Literal.string(","),
390            ),
391            "TIME": _build_time,
392            "TIME_ADD": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimeAdd),
393            "TIME_SUB": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimeSub),
394            "TIMESTAMP": _build_timestamp,
395            "TIMESTAMP_ADD": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimestampAdd),
396            "TIMESTAMP_SUB": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimestampSub),
397            "TIMESTAMP_MICROS": lambda args: exp.UnixToTime(
398                this=seq_get(args, 0), scale=exp.UnixToTime.MICROS
399            ),
400            "TIMESTAMP_MILLIS": lambda args: exp.UnixToTime(
401                this=seq_get(args, 0), scale=exp.UnixToTime.MILLIS
402            ),
403            "TIMESTAMP_SECONDS": lambda args: exp.UnixToTime(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
404            "TO_JSON_STRING": exp.JSONFormat.from_arg_list,
405            "FORMAT_DATETIME": lambda args: exp.TimeToStr(
406                this=exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp(this=seq_get(args, 1)), format=seq_get(args, 0)
407            ),
408        }
409
410        FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
411            **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS,
412            "ARRAY": lambda self: self.expression(exp.Array, expressions=[self._parse_statement()]),
413        }
414        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
415
416        NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS = {
417            **parser.Parser.NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS,
418            TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: exp.CurrentDatetime,
419        }
420
421        NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS = {
422            *parser.Parser.NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS,
423            TokenType.TABLE,
424        }
425
426        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
427            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
428            "NOT DETERMINISTIC": lambda self: self.expression(
429                exp.StabilityProperty, this=exp.Literal.string("VOLATILE")
430            ),
431            "OPTIONS": lambda self: self._parse_with_property(),
432        }
433
434        CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {
435            **parser.Parser.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS,
436            "OPTIONS": lambda self: exp.Properties(expressions=self._parse_with_property()),
437        }
438
439        RANGE_PARSERS = parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS.copy()
440        RANGE_PARSERS.pop(TokenType.OVERLAPS)
441
442        NULL_TOKENS = {TokenType.NULL, TokenType.UNKNOWN}
443
444        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
445            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
446            TokenType.ELSE: lambda self: self._parse_as_command(self._prev),
447            TokenType.END: lambda self: self._parse_as_command(self._prev),
448            TokenType.FOR: lambda self: self._parse_for_in(),
449        }
450
451        BRACKET_OFFSETS = {
452            "OFFSET": (0, False),
453            "ORDINAL": (1, False),
454            "SAFE_OFFSET": (0, True),
455            "SAFE_ORDINAL": (1, True),
456        }
457
458        def _parse_for_in(self) -> exp.ForIn:
459            this = self._parse_range()
460            self._match_text_seq("DO")
461            return self.expression(exp.ForIn, this=this, expression=self._parse_statement())
462
463        def _parse_table_part(self, schema: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
464            this = super()._parse_table_part(schema=schema) or self._parse_number()
465
466            # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/lexical#table_names
467            if isinstance(this, exp.Identifier):
468                table_name = this.name
469                while self._match(TokenType.DASH, advance=False) and self._next:
470                    text = ""
471                    while self._curr and self._curr.token_type != TokenType.DOT:
472                        self._advance()
473                        text += self._prev.text
474                    table_name += text
475
476                this = exp.Identifier(this=table_name, quoted=this.args.get("quoted"))
477            elif isinstance(this, exp.Literal):
478                table_name = this.name
479
480                if self._is_connected() and self._parse_var(any_token=True):
481                    table_name += self._prev.text
482
483                this = exp.Identifier(this=table_name, quoted=True)
484
485            return this
486
487        def _parse_table_parts(
488            self, schema: bool = False, is_db_reference: bool = False, wildcard: bool = False
489        ) -> exp.Table:
490            table = super()._parse_table_parts(
491                schema=schema, is_db_reference=is_db_reference, wildcard=True
492            )
493
494            # proj-1.db.tbl -- `1.` is tokenized as a float so we need to unravel it here
495            if not table.catalog:
496                if table.db:
497                    parts = table.db.split(".")
498                    if len(parts) == 2 and not table.args["db"].quoted:
499                        table.set("catalog", exp.Identifier(this=parts[0]))
500                        table.set("db", exp.Identifier(this=parts[1]))
501                else:
502                    parts = table.name.split(".")
503                    if len(parts) == 2 and not table.this.quoted:
504                        table.set("db", exp.Identifier(this=parts[0]))
505                        table.set("this", exp.Identifier(this=parts[1]))
506
507            if isinstance(table.this, exp.Identifier) and any("." in p.name for p in table.parts):
508                catalog, db, this, *rest = (
509                    exp.to_identifier(p, quoted=True)
510                    for p in split_num_words(".".join(p.name for p in table.parts), ".", 3)
511                )
512
513                if rest and this:
514                    this = exp.Dot.build([this, *rest])  # type: ignore
515
516                table = exp.Table(
517                    this=this, db=db, catalog=catalog, pivots=table.args.get("pivots")
518                )
519                table.meta["quoted_table"] = True
520
521            return table
522
523        def _parse_column(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
524            column = super()._parse_column()
525            if isinstance(column, exp.Column):
526                parts = column.parts
527                if any("." in p.name for p in parts):
528                    catalog, db, table, this, *rest = (
529                        exp.to_identifier(p, quoted=True)
530                        for p in split_num_words(".".join(p.name for p in parts), ".", 4)
531                    )
532
533                    if rest and this:
534                        this = exp.Dot.build([this, *rest])  # type: ignore
535
536                    column = exp.Column(this=this, table=table, db=db, catalog=catalog)
537                    column.meta["quoted_column"] = True
538
539            return column
540
541        @t.overload
542        def _parse_json_object(self, agg: Lit[False]) -> exp.JSONObject: ...
543
544        @t.overload
545        def _parse_json_object(self, agg: Lit[True]) -> exp.JSONObjectAgg: ...
546
547        def _parse_json_object(self, agg=False):
548            json_object = super()._parse_json_object()
549            array_kv_pair = seq_get(json_object.expressions, 0)
550
551            # Converts BQ's "signature 2" of JSON_OBJECT into SQLGlot's canonical representation
552            # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/json_functions#json_object_signature2
553            if (
554                array_kv_pair
555                and isinstance(array_kv_pair.this, exp.Array)
556                and isinstance(array_kv_pair.expression, exp.Array)
557            ):
558                keys = array_kv_pair.this.expressions
559                values = array_kv_pair.expression.expressions
560
561                json_object.set(
562                    "expressions",
563                    [exp.JSONKeyValue(this=k, expression=v) for k, v in zip(keys, values)],
564                )
565
566            return json_object
567
568        def _parse_bracket(
569            self, this: t.Optional[exp.Expression] = None
570        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
571            bracket = super()._parse_bracket(this)
572
573            if this is bracket:
574                return bracket
575
576            if isinstance(bracket, exp.Bracket):
577                for expression in bracket.expressions:
578                    name = expression.name.upper()
579
580                    if name not in self.BRACKET_OFFSETS:
581                        break
582
583                    offset, safe = self.BRACKET_OFFSETS[name]
584                    bracket.set("offset", offset)
585                    bracket.set("safe", safe)
586                    expression.replace(expression.expressions[0])
587
588            return bracket
589
590        def _parse_unnest(self, with_alias: bool = True) -> t.Optional[exp.Unnest]:
591            unnest = super()._parse_unnest(with_alias=with_alias)
592
593            if not unnest:
594                return None
595
596            unnest_expr = seq_get(unnest.expressions, 0)
597            if unnest_expr:
598                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
599
600                unnest_expr = annotate_types(unnest_expr)
601
602                # Unnesting a nested array (i.e array of structs) explodes the top-level struct fields,
603                # in contrast to other dialects such as DuckDB which flattens only the array by default
604                if unnest_expr.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.ARRAY) and any(
605                    array_elem.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT)
606                    for array_elem in unnest_expr._type.expressions
607                ):
608                    unnest.set("explode_array", True)
609
610            return unnest
611
612    class Generator(generator.Generator):
613        EXPLICIT_SET_OP = True
614        INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
615        JOIN_HINTS = False
616        QUERY_HINTS = False
617        TABLE_HINTS = False
618        LIMIT_FETCH = "LIMIT"
619        RENAME_TABLE_WITH_DB = False
620        NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
621        UNNEST_WITH_ORDINALITY = False
622        COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
623        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
624        SUPPORTS_TABLE_ALIAS_COLUMNS = False
625        UNPIVOT_ALIASES_ARE_IDENTIFIERS = False
626        JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ","
627        NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED = False
628        IGNORE_NULLS_IN_FUNC = True
629        JSON_PATH_SINGLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE = True
630        CAN_IMPLEMENT_ARRAY_ANY = True
631        SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
632        NAMED_PLACEHOLDER_TOKEN = "@"
633        HEX_FUNC = "TO_HEX"
634        WITH_PROPERTIES_PREFIX = "OPTIONS"
635        SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS = False
636
637        TRANSFORMS = {
638            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
639            exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT"),
640            exp.ArgMax: arg_max_or_min_no_count("MAX_BY"),
641            exp.ArgMin: arg_max_or_min_no_count("MIN_BY"),
642            exp.Array: inline_array_unless_query,
643            exp.ArrayContains: _array_contains_sql,
644            exp.ArrayFilter: filter_array_using_unnest,
645            exp.ArraySize: rename_func("ARRAY_LENGTH"),
646            exp.Cast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.remove_precision_parameterized_types]),
647            exp.CollateProperty: lambda self, e: (
648                f"DEFAULT COLLATE {self.sql(e, 'this')}"
649                if e.args.get("default")
650                else f"COLLATE {self.sql(e, 'this')}"
651            ),
652            exp.Commit: lambda *_: "COMMIT TRANSACTION",
653            exp.CountIf: rename_func("COUNTIF"),
654            exp.Create: _create_sql,
655            exp.CTE: transforms.preprocess([_pushdown_cte_column_names]),
656            exp.DateAdd: date_add_interval_sql("DATE", "ADD"),
657            exp.DateDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
658                "DATE_DIFF", e.this, e.expression, unit_to_var(e)
659            ),
660            exp.DateFromParts: rename_func("DATE"),
661            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
662            exp.DateSub: date_add_interval_sql("DATE", "SUB"),
663            exp.DatetimeAdd: date_add_interval_sql("DATETIME", "ADD"),
664            exp.DatetimeSub: date_add_interval_sql("DATETIME", "SUB"),
665            exp.DateTrunc: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_TRUNC", e.this, e.text("unit")),
666            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
667                "DATETIME", self.func("TIMESTAMP", e.this, e.args.get("zone")), "'UTC'"
668            ),
669            exp.GenerateSeries: rename_func("GENERATE_ARRAY"),
670            exp.GroupConcat: rename_func("STRING_AGG"),
671            exp.Hex: lambda self, e: self.func("UPPER", self.func("TO_HEX", self.sql(e, "this"))),
672            exp.If: if_sql(false_value="NULL"),
673            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
674            exp.IntDiv: rename_func("DIV"),
675            exp.JSONFormat: rename_func("TO_JSON_STRING"),
676            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
677            exp.MD5: lambda self, e: self.func("TO_HEX", self.func("MD5", e.this)),
678            exp.MD5Digest: rename_func("MD5"),
679            exp.Min: min_or_least,
680            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
681            exp.RegexpExtract: lambda self, e: self.func(
682                "REGEXP_EXTRACT",
683                e.this,
684                e.expression,
685                e.args.get("position"),
686                e.args.get("occurrence"),
687            ),
688            exp.RegexpReplace: regexp_replace_sql,
689            exp.RegexpLike: rename_func("REGEXP_CONTAINS"),
690            exp.ReturnsProperty: _returnsproperty_sql,
691            exp.Rollback: lambda *_: "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION",
692            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
693                [
694                    transforms.explode_to_unnest(),
695                    transforms.unqualify_unnest,
696                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
697                    _alias_ordered_group,
698                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
699                ]
700            ),
701            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
702            exp.SHA2: sha256_sql,
703            exp.StabilityProperty: lambda self, e: (
704                "DETERMINISTIC" if e.name == "IMMUTABLE" else "NOT DETERMINISTIC"
705            ),
706            exp.StrToDate: _str_to_datetime_sql,
707            exp.StrToTime: _str_to_datetime_sql,
708            exp.TimeAdd: date_add_interval_sql("TIME", "ADD"),
709            exp.TimeFromParts: rename_func("TIME"),
710            exp.TimestampFromParts: rename_func("DATETIME"),
711            exp.TimeSub: date_add_interval_sql("TIME", "SUB"),
712            exp.TimestampAdd: date_add_interval_sql("TIMESTAMP", "ADD"),
713            exp.TimestampDiff: rename_func("TIMESTAMP_DIFF"),
714            exp.TimestampSub: date_add_interval_sql("TIMESTAMP", "SUB"),
715            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
716            exp.Transaction: lambda *_: "BEGIN TRANSACTION",
717            exp.Trim: lambda self, e: self.func("TRIM", e.this, e.expression),
718            exp.TsOrDsAdd: _ts_or_ds_add_sql,
719            exp.TsOrDsDiff: _ts_or_ds_diff_sql,
720            exp.TsOrDsToTime: rename_func("TIME"),
721            exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp: rename_func("DATETIME"),
722            exp.Unhex: rename_func("FROM_HEX"),
723            exp.UnixDate: rename_func("UNIX_DATE"),
724            exp.UnixToTime: _unix_to_time_sql,
725            exp.Values: _derived_table_values_to_unnest,
726            exp.VariancePop: rename_func("VAR_POP"),
727        }
728
729        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
730            exp.JSONPathKey,
731            exp.JSONPathRoot,
732            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
733        }
734
735        TYPE_MAPPING = {
736            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
737            exp.DataType.Type.BIGDECIMAL: "BIGNUMERIC",
738            exp.DataType.Type.BIGINT: "INT64",
739            exp.DataType.Type.BINARY: "BYTES",
740            exp.DataType.Type.BOOLEAN: "BOOL",
741            exp.DataType.Type.CHAR: "STRING",
742            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: "NUMERIC",
743            exp.DataType.Type.DOUBLE: "FLOAT64",
744            exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "FLOAT64",
745            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INT64",
746            exp.DataType.Type.NCHAR: "STRING",
747            exp.DataType.Type.NVARCHAR: "STRING",
748            exp.DataType.Type.SMALLINT: "INT64",
749            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "STRING",
750            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP: "DATETIME",
751            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
752            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPLTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
753            exp.DataType.Type.TINYINT: "INT64",
754            exp.DataType.Type.VARBINARY: "BYTES",
755            exp.DataType.Type.ROWVERSION: "BYTES",
756            exp.DataType.Type.VARCHAR: "STRING",
757            exp.DataType.Type.VARIANT: "ANY TYPE",
758        }
759
760        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
761            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
762            exp.PartitionedByProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA,
763            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
764        }
765
766        # WINDOW comes after QUALIFY
767        # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/query-syntax#window_clause
768        AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS = {
769            "qualify": generator.Generator.AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS["qualify"],
770            "windows": generator.Generator.AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS["windows"],
771        }
772
773        # from: https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/lexical#reserved_keywords
774        RESERVED_KEYWORDS = {
775            "all",
776            "and",
777            "any",
778            "array",
779            "as",
780            "asc",
781            "assert_rows_modified",
782            "at",
783            "between",
784            "by",
785            "case",
786            "cast",
787            "collate",
788            "contains",
789            "create",
790            "cross",
791            "cube",
792            "current",
793            "default",
794            "define",
795            "desc",
796            "distinct",
797            "else",
798            "end",
799            "enum",
800            "escape",
801            "except",
802            "exclude",
803            "exists",
804            "extract",
805            "false",
806            "fetch",
807            "following",
808            "for",
809            "from",
810            "full",
811            "group",
812            "grouping",
813            "groups",
814            "hash",
815            "having",
816            "if",
817            "ignore",
818            "in",
819            "inner",
820            "intersect",
821            "interval",
822            "into",
823            "is",
824            "join",
825            "lateral",
826            "left",
827            "like",
828            "limit",
829            "lookup",
830            "merge",
831            "natural",
832            "new",
833            "no",
834            "not",
835            "null",
836            "nulls",
837            "of",
838            "on",
839            "or",
840            "order",
841            "outer",
842            "over",
843            "partition",
844            "preceding",
845            "proto",
846            "qualify",
847            "range",
848            "recursive",
849            "respect",
850            "right",
851            "rollup",
852            "rows",
853            "select",
854            "set",
855            "some",
856            "struct",
857            "tablesample",
858            "then",
859            "to",
860            "treat",
861            "true",
862            "unbounded",
863            "union",
864            "unnest",
865            "using",
866            "when",
867            "where",
868            "window",
869            "with",
870            "within",
871        }
872
873        def mod_sql(self, expression: exp.Mod) -> str:
874            this = expression.this
875            expr = expression.expression
876            return self.func(
877                "MOD",
878                this.unnest() if isinstance(this, exp.Paren) else this,
879                expr.unnest() if isinstance(expr, exp.Paren) else expr,
880            )
881
882        def column_parts(self, expression: exp.Column) -> str:
883            if expression.meta.get("quoted_column"):
884                # If a column reference is of the form `dataset.table`.name, we need
885                # to preserve the quoted table path, otherwise the reference breaks
886                table_parts = ".".join(p.name for p in expression.parts[:-1])
887                table_path = self.sql(exp.Identifier(this=table_parts, quoted=True))
888                return f"{table_path}.{self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
889
890            return super().column_parts(expression)
891
892        def table_parts(self, expression: exp.Table) -> str:
893            # Depending on the context, `x.y` may not resolve to the same data source as `x`.`y`, so
894            # we need to make sure the correct quoting is used in each case.
895            #
896            # For example, if there is a CTE x that clashes with a schema name, then the former will
897            # return the table y in that schema, whereas the latter will return the CTE's y column:
898            #
899            # - WITH x AS (SELECT [1, 2] AS y) SELECT * FROM x, `x.y`   -> cross join
900            # - WITH x AS (SELECT [1, 2] AS y) SELECT * FROM x, `x`.`y` -> implicit unnest
901            if expression.meta.get("quoted_table"):
902                table_parts = ".".join(p.name for p in expression.parts)
903                return self.sql(exp.Identifier(this=table_parts, quoted=True))
904
905            return super().table_parts(expression)
906
907        def timetostr_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeToStr) -> str:
908            if isinstance(expression.this, exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp):
909                func_name = "FORMAT_DATETIME"
910            else:
911                func_name = "FORMAT_DATE"
912            this = (
913                expression.this
914                if isinstance(expression.this, (exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp, exp.TsOrDsToDate))
915                else expression
916            )
917            return self.func(func_name, self.format_time(expression), this.this)
918
919        def eq_sql(self, expression: exp.EQ) -> str:
920            # Operands of = cannot be NULL in BigQuery
921            if isinstance(expression.left, exp.Null) or isinstance(expression.right, exp.Null):
922                if not isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Update):
923                    return "NULL"
924
925            return self.binary(expression, "=")
926
927        def attimezone_sql(self, expression: exp.AtTimeZone) -> str:
928            parent = expression.parent
929
930            # BigQuery allows CAST(.. AS {STRING|TIMESTAMP} [FORMAT <fmt> [AT TIME ZONE <tz>]]).
931            # Only the TIMESTAMP one should use the below conversion, when AT TIME ZONE is included.
932            if not isinstance(parent, exp.Cast) or not parent.to.is_type("text"):
933                return self.func(
934                    "TIMESTAMP", self.func("DATETIME", expression.this, expression.args.get("zone"))
935                )
936
937            return super().attimezone_sql(expression)
938
939        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
940            return self.cast_sql(expression, safe_prefix="SAFE_")
941
942        def bracket_sql(self, expression: exp.Bracket) -> str:
943            this = expression.this
944            expressions = expression.expressions
945
946            if len(expressions) == 1 and this and this.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT):
947                arg = expressions[0]
948                if arg.type is None:
949                    from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
950
951                    arg = annotate_types(arg)
952
953                if arg.type and arg.type.this in exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES:
954                    # BQ doesn't support bracket syntax with string values for structs
955                    return f"{self.sql(this)}.{arg.name}"
956
957            expressions_sql = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
958            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
959
960            if offset == 0:
961                expressions_sql = f"OFFSET({expressions_sql})"
962            elif offset == 1:
963                expressions_sql = f"ORDINAL({expressions_sql})"
964            elif offset is not None:
965                self.unsupported(f"Unsupported array offset: {offset}")
966
967            if expression.args.get("safe"):
968                expressions_sql = f"SAFE_{expressions_sql}"
969
970            return f"{self.sql(this)}[{expressions_sql}]"
971
972        def in_unnest_op(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
973            return self.sql(expression)
974
975        def except_op(self, expression: exp.Except) -> str:
976            if not expression.args.get("distinct"):
977                self.unsupported("EXCEPT without DISTINCT is not supported in BigQuery")
978            return f"EXCEPT{' DISTINCT' if expression.args.get('distinct') else ' ALL'}"
979
980        def intersect_op(self, expression: exp.Intersect) -> str:
981            if not expression.args.get("distinct"):
982                self.unsupported("INTERSECT without DISTINCT is not supported in BigQuery")
983            return f"INTERSECT{' DISTINCT' if expression.args.get('distinct') else ' ALL'}"
984
985        def version_sql(self, expression: exp.Version) -> str:
986            if expression.name == "TIMESTAMP":
987                expression.set("this", "SYSTEM_TIME")
988            return super().version_sql(expression)
logger = <Logger sqlglot (WARNING)>
class BigQuery(sqlglot.dialects.dialect.Dialect):
236class BigQuery(Dialect):
237    WEEK_OFFSET = -1
238    UNNEST_COLUMN_ONLY = True
239    SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False
240    SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False
241    LOG_BASE_FIRST = False
242    HEX_LOWERCASE = True
243    FORCE_EARLY_ALIAS_REF_EXPANSION = True
244    EXPAND_ALIAS_REFS_EARLY_ONLY_IN_GROUP_BY = True
245
246    # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/lexical#case_sensitivity
247    NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE
248
249    # bigquery udfs are case sensitive
250    NORMALIZE_FUNCTIONS = False
251
252    # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/format-elements#format_elements_date_time
253    TIME_MAPPING = {
254        "%D": "%m/%d/%y",
255        "%E6S": "%S.%f",
256        "%e": "%-d",
257    }
258
259    FORMAT_MAPPING = {
260        "DD": "%d",
261        "MM": "%m",
262        "MON": "%b",
263        "MONTH": "%B",
264        "YYYY": "%Y",
265        "YY": "%y",
266        "HH": "%I",
267        "HH12": "%I",
268        "HH24": "%H",
269        "MI": "%M",
270        "SS": "%S",
271        "SSSSS": "%f",
272        "TZH": "%z",
273    }
274
275    # The _PARTITIONTIME and _PARTITIONDATE pseudo-columns are not returned by a SELECT * statement
276    # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/querying-partitioned-tables#query_an_ingestion-time_partitioned_table
277    PSEUDOCOLUMNS = {"_PARTITIONTIME", "_PARTITIONDATE"}
278
279    def normalize_identifier(self, expression: E) -> E:
280        if (
281            isinstance(expression, exp.Identifier)
282            and self.normalization_strategy is not NormalizationStrategy.CASE_SENSITIVE
283        ):
284            parent = expression.parent
285            while isinstance(parent, exp.Dot):
286                parent = parent.parent
287
288            # In BigQuery, CTEs are case-insensitive, but UDF and table names are case-sensitive
289            # by default. The following check uses a heuristic to detect tables based on whether
290            # they are qualified. This should generally be correct, because tables in BigQuery
291            # must be qualified with at least a dataset, unless @@dataset_id is set.
292            case_sensitive = (
293                isinstance(parent, exp.UserDefinedFunction)
294                or (
295                    isinstance(parent, exp.Table)
296                    and parent.db
297                    and (parent.meta.get("quoted_table") or not parent.meta.get("maybe_column"))
298                )
299                or expression.meta.get("is_table")
300            )
301            if not case_sensitive:
302                expression.set("this", expression.this.lower())
303
304        return expression
305
306    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
307        QUOTES = ["'", '"', '"""', "'''"]
308        COMMENTS = ["--", "#", ("/*", "*/")]
309        IDENTIFIERS = ["`"]
310        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\"]
311
312        HEX_STRINGS = [("0x", ""), ("0X", "")]
313
314        BYTE_STRINGS = [
315            (prefix + q, q) for q in t.cast(t.List[str], QUOTES) for prefix in ("b", "B")
316        ]
317
318        RAW_STRINGS = [
319            (prefix + q, q) for q in t.cast(t.List[str], QUOTES) for prefix in ("r", "R")
320        ]
321
322        KEYWORDS = {
323            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
324            "ANY TYPE": TokenType.VARIANT,
325            "BEGIN": TokenType.COMMAND,
326            "BEGIN TRANSACTION": TokenType.BEGIN,
327            "BYTEINT": TokenType.INT,
328            "BYTES": TokenType.BINARY,
329            "CURRENT_DATETIME": TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME,
330            "DATETIME": TokenType.TIMESTAMP,
331            "DECLARE": TokenType.COMMAND,
332            "ELSEIF": TokenType.COMMAND,
333            "EXCEPTION": TokenType.COMMAND,
334            "FLOAT64": TokenType.DOUBLE,
335            "FOR SYSTEM_TIME": TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT,
336            "MODEL": TokenType.MODEL,
337            "NOT DETERMINISTIC": TokenType.VOLATILE,
338            "RECORD": TokenType.STRUCT,
339            "TIMESTAMP": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
340        }
341        KEYWORDS.pop("DIV")
342        KEYWORDS.pop("VALUES")
343        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
344
345    class Parser(parser.Parser):
346        PREFIXED_PIVOT_COLUMNS = True
347        LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True
348        SUPPORTS_IMPLICIT_UNNEST = True
349
350        FUNCTIONS = {
351            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
352            "DATE": _build_date,
353            "DATE_ADD": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DateAdd),
354            "DATE_SUB": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DateSub),
355            "DATE_TRUNC": lambda args: exp.DateTrunc(
356                unit=exp.Literal.string(str(seq_get(args, 1))),
357                this=seq_get(args, 0),
358            ),
359            "DATETIME": _build_datetime,
360            "DATETIME_ADD": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DatetimeAdd),
361            "DATETIME_SUB": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DatetimeSub),
362            "DIV": binary_from_function(exp.IntDiv),
363            "FORMAT_DATE": lambda args: exp.TimeToStr(
364                this=exp.TsOrDsToDate(this=seq_get(args, 1)), format=seq_get(args, 0)
365            ),
366            "GENERATE_ARRAY": exp.GenerateSeries.from_arg_list,
367            "JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR": lambda args: exp.JSONExtractScalar(
368                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=seq_get(args, 1) or exp.Literal.string("$")
369            ),
370            "LENGTH": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
371            "MD5": exp.MD5Digest.from_arg_list,
372            "TO_HEX": _build_to_hex,
373            "PARSE_DATE": lambda args: build_formatted_time(exp.StrToDate, "bigquery")(
374                [seq_get(args, 1), seq_get(args, 0)]
375            ),
376            "PARSE_TIMESTAMP": _build_parse_timestamp,
377            "REGEXP_CONTAINS": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list,
378            "REGEXP_EXTRACT": lambda args: exp.RegexpExtract(
379                this=seq_get(args, 0),
380                expression=seq_get(args, 1),
381                position=seq_get(args, 2),
382                occurrence=seq_get(args, 3),
383                group=exp.Literal.number(1) if re.compile(args[1].name).groups == 1 else None,
384            ),
385            "SHA256": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(256)),
386            "SHA512": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(512)),
387            "SPLIT": lambda args: exp.Split(
388                # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/string_functions#split
389                this=seq_get(args, 0),
390                expression=seq_get(args, 1) or exp.Literal.string(","),
391            ),
392            "TIME": _build_time,
393            "TIME_ADD": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimeAdd),
394            "TIME_SUB": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimeSub),
395            "TIMESTAMP": _build_timestamp,
396            "TIMESTAMP_ADD": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimestampAdd),
397            "TIMESTAMP_SUB": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimestampSub),
398            "TIMESTAMP_MICROS": lambda args: exp.UnixToTime(
399                this=seq_get(args, 0), scale=exp.UnixToTime.MICROS
400            ),
401            "TIMESTAMP_MILLIS": lambda args: exp.UnixToTime(
402                this=seq_get(args, 0), scale=exp.UnixToTime.MILLIS
403            ),
404            "TIMESTAMP_SECONDS": lambda args: exp.UnixToTime(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
405            "TO_JSON_STRING": exp.JSONFormat.from_arg_list,
406            "FORMAT_DATETIME": lambda args: exp.TimeToStr(
407                this=exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp(this=seq_get(args, 1)), format=seq_get(args, 0)
408            ),
409        }
410
411        FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
412            **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS,
413            "ARRAY": lambda self: self.expression(exp.Array, expressions=[self._parse_statement()]),
414        }
415        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
416
417        NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS = {
418            **parser.Parser.NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS,
419            TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: exp.CurrentDatetime,
420        }
421
422        NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS = {
423            *parser.Parser.NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS,
424            TokenType.TABLE,
425        }
426
427        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
428            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
429            "NOT DETERMINISTIC": lambda self: self.expression(
430                exp.StabilityProperty, this=exp.Literal.string("VOLATILE")
431            ),
432            "OPTIONS": lambda self: self._parse_with_property(),
433        }
434
435        CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {
436            **parser.Parser.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS,
437            "OPTIONS": lambda self: exp.Properties(expressions=self._parse_with_property()),
438        }
439
440        RANGE_PARSERS = parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS.copy()
441        RANGE_PARSERS.pop(TokenType.OVERLAPS)
442
443        NULL_TOKENS = {TokenType.NULL, TokenType.UNKNOWN}
444
445        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
446            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
447            TokenType.ELSE: lambda self: self._parse_as_command(self._prev),
448            TokenType.END: lambda self: self._parse_as_command(self._prev),
449            TokenType.FOR: lambda self: self._parse_for_in(),
450        }
451
452        BRACKET_OFFSETS = {
453            "OFFSET": (0, False),
454            "ORDINAL": (1, False),
455            "SAFE_OFFSET": (0, True),
456            "SAFE_ORDINAL": (1, True),
457        }
458
459        def _parse_for_in(self) -> exp.ForIn:
460            this = self._parse_range()
461            self._match_text_seq("DO")
462            return self.expression(exp.ForIn, this=this, expression=self._parse_statement())
463
464        def _parse_table_part(self, schema: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
465            this = super()._parse_table_part(schema=schema) or self._parse_number()
466
467            # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/lexical#table_names
468            if isinstance(this, exp.Identifier):
469                table_name = this.name
470                while self._match(TokenType.DASH, advance=False) and self._next:
471                    text = ""
472                    while self._curr and self._curr.token_type != TokenType.DOT:
473                        self._advance()
474                        text += self._prev.text
475                    table_name += text
476
477                this = exp.Identifier(this=table_name, quoted=this.args.get("quoted"))
478            elif isinstance(this, exp.Literal):
479                table_name = this.name
480
481                if self._is_connected() and self._parse_var(any_token=True):
482                    table_name += self._prev.text
483
484                this = exp.Identifier(this=table_name, quoted=True)
485
486            return this
487
488        def _parse_table_parts(
489            self, schema: bool = False, is_db_reference: bool = False, wildcard: bool = False
490        ) -> exp.Table:
491            table = super()._parse_table_parts(
492                schema=schema, is_db_reference=is_db_reference, wildcard=True
493            )
494
495            # proj-1.db.tbl -- `1.` is tokenized as a float so we need to unravel it here
496            if not table.catalog:
497                if table.db:
498                    parts = table.db.split(".")
499                    if len(parts) == 2 and not table.args["db"].quoted:
500                        table.set("catalog", exp.Identifier(this=parts[0]))
501                        table.set("db", exp.Identifier(this=parts[1]))
502                else:
503                    parts = table.name.split(".")
504                    if len(parts) == 2 and not table.this.quoted:
505                        table.set("db", exp.Identifier(this=parts[0]))
506                        table.set("this", exp.Identifier(this=parts[1]))
507
508            if isinstance(table.this, exp.Identifier) and any("." in p.name for p in table.parts):
509                catalog, db, this, *rest = (
510                    exp.to_identifier(p, quoted=True)
511                    for p in split_num_words(".".join(p.name for p in table.parts), ".", 3)
512                )
513
514                if rest and this:
515                    this = exp.Dot.build([this, *rest])  # type: ignore
516
517                table = exp.Table(
518                    this=this, db=db, catalog=catalog, pivots=table.args.get("pivots")
519                )
520                table.meta["quoted_table"] = True
521
522            return table
523
524        def _parse_column(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
525            column = super()._parse_column()
526            if isinstance(column, exp.Column):
527                parts = column.parts
528                if any("." in p.name for p in parts):
529                    catalog, db, table, this, *rest = (
530                        exp.to_identifier(p, quoted=True)
531                        for p in split_num_words(".".join(p.name for p in parts), ".", 4)
532                    )
533
534                    if rest and this:
535                        this = exp.Dot.build([this, *rest])  # type: ignore
536
537                    column = exp.Column(this=this, table=table, db=db, catalog=catalog)
538                    column.meta["quoted_column"] = True
539
540            return column
541
542        @t.overload
543        def _parse_json_object(self, agg: Lit[False]) -> exp.JSONObject: ...
544
545        @t.overload
546        def _parse_json_object(self, agg: Lit[True]) -> exp.JSONObjectAgg: ...
547
548        def _parse_json_object(self, agg=False):
549            json_object = super()._parse_json_object()
550            array_kv_pair = seq_get(json_object.expressions, 0)
551
552            # Converts BQ's "signature 2" of JSON_OBJECT into SQLGlot's canonical representation
553            # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/json_functions#json_object_signature2
554            if (
555                array_kv_pair
556                and isinstance(array_kv_pair.this, exp.Array)
557                and isinstance(array_kv_pair.expression, exp.Array)
558            ):
559                keys = array_kv_pair.this.expressions
560                values = array_kv_pair.expression.expressions
561
562                json_object.set(
563                    "expressions",
564                    [exp.JSONKeyValue(this=k, expression=v) for k, v in zip(keys, values)],
565                )
566
567            return json_object
568
569        def _parse_bracket(
570            self, this: t.Optional[exp.Expression] = None
571        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
572            bracket = super()._parse_bracket(this)
573
574            if this is bracket:
575                return bracket
576
577            if isinstance(bracket, exp.Bracket):
578                for expression in bracket.expressions:
579                    name = expression.name.upper()
580
581                    if name not in self.BRACKET_OFFSETS:
582                        break
583
584                    offset, safe = self.BRACKET_OFFSETS[name]
585                    bracket.set("offset", offset)
586                    bracket.set("safe", safe)
587                    expression.replace(expression.expressions[0])
588
589            return bracket
590
591        def _parse_unnest(self, with_alias: bool = True) -> t.Optional[exp.Unnest]:
592            unnest = super()._parse_unnest(with_alias=with_alias)
593
594            if not unnest:
595                return None
596
597            unnest_expr = seq_get(unnest.expressions, 0)
598            if unnest_expr:
599                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
600
601                unnest_expr = annotate_types(unnest_expr)
602
603                # Unnesting a nested array (i.e array of structs) explodes the top-level struct fields,
604                # in contrast to other dialects such as DuckDB which flattens only the array by default
605                if unnest_expr.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.ARRAY) and any(
606                    array_elem.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT)
607                    for array_elem in unnest_expr._type.expressions
608                ):
609                    unnest.set("explode_array", True)
610
611            return unnest
612
613    class Generator(generator.Generator):
614        EXPLICIT_SET_OP = True
615        INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
616        JOIN_HINTS = False
617        QUERY_HINTS = False
618        TABLE_HINTS = False
619        LIMIT_FETCH = "LIMIT"
620        RENAME_TABLE_WITH_DB = False
621        NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
622        UNNEST_WITH_ORDINALITY = False
623        COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
624        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
625        SUPPORTS_TABLE_ALIAS_COLUMNS = False
626        UNPIVOT_ALIASES_ARE_IDENTIFIERS = False
627        JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ","
628        NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED = False
629        IGNORE_NULLS_IN_FUNC = True
630        JSON_PATH_SINGLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE = True
631        CAN_IMPLEMENT_ARRAY_ANY = True
632        SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
633        NAMED_PLACEHOLDER_TOKEN = "@"
634        HEX_FUNC = "TO_HEX"
635        WITH_PROPERTIES_PREFIX = "OPTIONS"
636        SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS = False
637
638        TRANSFORMS = {
639            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
640            exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT"),
641            exp.ArgMax: arg_max_or_min_no_count("MAX_BY"),
642            exp.ArgMin: arg_max_or_min_no_count("MIN_BY"),
643            exp.Array: inline_array_unless_query,
644            exp.ArrayContains: _array_contains_sql,
645            exp.ArrayFilter: filter_array_using_unnest,
646            exp.ArraySize: rename_func("ARRAY_LENGTH"),
647            exp.Cast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.remove_precision_parameterized_types]),
648            exp.CollateProperty: lambda self, e: (
649                f"DEFAULT COLLATE {self.sql(e, 'this')}"
650                if e.args.get("default")
651                else f"COLLATE {self.sql(e, 'this')}"
652            ),
653            exp.Commit: lambda *_: "COMMIT TRANSACTION",
654            exp.CountIf: rename_func("COUNTIF"),
655            exp.Create: _create_sql,
656            exp.CTE: transforms.preprocess([_pushdown_cte_column_names]),
657            exp.DateAdd: date_add_interval_sql("DATE", "ADD"),
658            exp.DateDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
659                "DATE_DIFF", e.this, e.expression, unit_to_var(e)
660            ),
661            exp.DateFromParts: rename_func("DATE"),
662            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
663            exp.DateSub: date_add_interval_sql("DATE", "SUB"),
664            exp.DatetimeAdd: date_add_interval_sql("DATETIME", "ADD"),
665            exp.DatetimeSub: date_add_interval_sql("DATETIME", "SUB"),
666            exp.DateTrunc: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_TRUNC", e.this, e.text("unit")),
667            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
668                "DATETIME", self.func("TIMESTAMP", e.this, e.args.get("zone")), "'UTC'"
669            ),
670            exp.GenerateSeries: rename_func("GENERATE_ARRAY"),
671            exp.GroupConcat: rename_func("STRING_AGG"),
672            exp.Hex: lambda self, e: self.func("UPPER", self.func("TO_HEX", self.sql(e, "this"))),
673            exp.If: if_sql(false_value="NULL"),
674            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
675            exp.IntDiv: rename_func("DIV"),
676            exp.JSONFormat: rename_func("TO_JSON_STRING"),
677            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
678            exp.MD5: lambda self, e: self.func("TO_HEX", self.func("MD5", e.this)),
679            exp.MD5Digest: rename_func("MD5"),
680            exp.Min: min_or_least,
681            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
682            exp.RegexpExtract: lambda self, e: self.func(
683                "REGEXP_EXTRACT",
684                e.this,
685                e.expression,
686                e.args.get("position"),
687                e.args.get("occurrence"),
688            ),
689            exp.RegexpReplace: regexp_replace_sql,
690            exp.RegexpLike: rename_func("REGEXP_CONTAINS"),
691            exp.ReturnsProperty: _returnsproperty_sql,
692            exp.Rollback: lambda *_: "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION",
693            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
694                [
695                    transforms.explode_to_unnest(),
696                    transforms.unqualify_unnest,
697                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
698                    _alias_ordered_group,
699                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
700                ]
701            ),
702            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
703            exp.SHA2: sha256_sql,
704            exp.StabilityProperty: lambda self, e: (
705                "DETERMINISTIC" if e.name == "IMMUTABLE" else "NOT DETERMINISTIC"
706            ),
707            exp.StrToDate: _str_to_datetime_sql,
708            exp.StrToTime: _str_to_datetime_sql,
709            exp.TimeAdd: date_add_interval_sql("TIME", "ADD"),
710            exp.TimeFromParts: rename_func("TIME"),
711            exp.TimestampFromParts: rename_func("DATETIME"),
712            exp.TimeSub: date_add_interval_sql("TIME", "SUB"),
713            exp.TimestampAdd: date_add_interval_sql("TIMESTAMP", "ADD"),
714            exp.TimestampDiff: rename_func("TIMESTAMP_DIFF"),
715            exp.TimestampSub: date_add_interval_sql("TIMESTAMP", "SUB"),
716            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
717            exp.Transaction: lambda *_: "BEGIN TRANSACTION",
718            exp.Trim: lambda self, e: self.func("TRIM", e.this, e.expression),
719            exp.TsOrDsAdd: _ts_or_ds_add_sql,
720            exp.TsOrDsDiff: _ts_or_ds_diff_sql,
721            exp.TsOrDsToTime: rename_func("TIME"),
722            exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp: rename_func("DATETIME"),
723            exp.Unhex: rename_func("FROM_HEX"),
724            exp.UnixDate: rename_func("UNIX_DATE"),
725            exp.UnixToTime: _unix_to_time_sql,
726            exp.Values: _derived_table_values_to_unnest,
727            exp.VariancePop: rename_func("VAR_POP"),
728        }
729
730        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
731            exp.JSONPathKey,
732            exp.JSONPathRoot,
733            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
734        }
735
736        TYPE_MAPPING = {
737            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
738            exp.DataType.Type.BIGDECIMAL: "BIGNUMERIC",
739            exp.DataType.Type.BIGINT: "INT64",
740            exp.DataType.Type.BINARY: "BYTES",
741            exp.DataType.Type.BOOLEAN: "BOOL",
742            exp.DataType.Type.CHAR: "STRING",
743            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: "NUMERIC",
744            exp.DataType.Type.DOUBLE: "FLOAT64",
745            exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "FLOAT64",
746            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INT64",
747            exp.DataType.Type.NCHAR: "STRING",
748            exp.DataType.Type.NVARCHAR: "STRING",
749            exp.DataType.Type.SMALLINT: "INT64",
750            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "STRING",
751            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP: "DATETIME",
752            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
753            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPLTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
754            exp.DataType.Type.TINYINT: "INT64",
755            exp.DataType.Type.VARBINARY: "BYTES",
756            exp.DataType.Type.ROWVERSION: "BYTES",
757            exp.DataType.Type.VARCHAR: "STRING",
758            exp.DataType.Type.VARIANT: "ANY TYPE",
759        }
760
761        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
762            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
763            exp.PartitionedByProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA,
764            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
765        }
766
767        # WINDOW comes after QUALIFY
768        # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/query-syntax#window_clause
769        AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS = {
770            "qualify": generator.Generator.AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS["qualify"],
771            "windows": generator.Generator.AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS["windows"],
772        }
773
774        # from: https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/lexical#reserved_keywords
775        RESERVED_KEYWORDS = {
776            "all",
777            "and",
778            "any",
779            "array",
780            "as",
781            "asc",
782            "assert_rows_modified",
783            "at",
784            "between",
785            "by",
786            "case",
787            "cast",
788            "collate",
789            "contains",
790            "create",
791            "cross",
792            "cube",
793            "current",
794            "default",
795            "define",
796            "desc",
797            "distinct",
798            "else",
799            "end",
800            "enum",
801            "escape",
802            "except",
803            "exclude",
804            "exists",
805            "extract",
806            "false",
807            "fetch",
808            "following",
809            "for",
810            "from",
811            "full",
812            "group",
813            "grouping",
814            "groups",
815            "hash",
816            "having",
817            "if",
818            "ignore",
819            "in",
820            "inner",
821            "intersect",
822            "interval",
823            "into",
824            "is",
825            "join",
826            "lateral",
827            "left",
828            "like",
829            "limit",
830            "lookup",
831            "merge",
832            "natural",
833            "new",
834            "no",
835            "not",
836            "null",
837            "nulls",
838            "of",
839            "on",
840            "or",
841            "order",
842            "outer",
843            "over",
844            "partition",
845            "preceding",
846            "proto",
847            "qualify",
848            "range",
849            "recursive",
850            "respect",
851            "right",
852            "rollup",
853            "rows",
854            "select",
855            "set",
856            "some",
857            "struct",
858            "tablesample",
859            "then",
860            "to",
861            "treat",
862            "true",
863            "unbounded",
864            "union",
865            "unnest",
866            "using",
867            "when",
868            "where",
869            "window",
870            "with",
871            "within",
872        }
873
874        def mod_sql(self, expression: exp.Mod) -> str:
875            this = expression.this
876            expr = expression.expression
877            return self.func(
878                "MOD",
879                this.unnest() if isinstance(this, exp.Paren) else this,
880                expr.unnest() if isinstance(expr, exp.Paren) else expr,
881            )
882
883        def column_parts(self, expression: exp.Column) -> str:
884            if expression.meta.get("quoted_column"):
885                # If a column reference is of the form `dataset.table`.name, we need
886                # to preserve the quoted table path, otherwise the reference breaks
887                table_parts = ".".join(p.name for p in expression.parts[:-1])
888                table_path = self.sql(exp.Identifier(this=table_parts, quoted=True))
889                return f"{table_path}.{self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
890
891            return super().column_parts(expression)
892
893        def table_parts(self, expression: exp.Table) -> str:
894            # Depending on the context, `x.y` may not resolve to the same data source as `x`.`y`, so
895            # we need to make sure the correct quoting is used in each case.
896            #
897            # For example, if there is a CTE x that clashes with a schema name, then the former will
898            # return the table y in that schema, whereas the latter will return the CTE's y column:
899            #
900            # - WITH x AS (SELECT [1, 2] AS y) SELECT * FROM x, `x.y`   -> cross join
901            # - WITH x AS (SELECT [1, 2] AS y) SELECT * FROM x, `x`.`y` -> implicit unnest
902            if expression.meta.get("quoted_table"):
903                table_parts = ".".join(p.name for p in expression.parts)
904                return self.sql(exp.Identifier(this=table_parts, quoted=True))
905
906            return super().table_parts(expression)
907
908        def timetostr_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeToStr) -> str:
909            if isinstance(expression.this, exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp):
910                func_name = "FORMAT_DATETIME"
911            else:
912                func_name = "FORMAT_DATE"
913            this = (
914                expression.this
915                if isinstance(expression.this, (exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp, exp.TsOrDsToDate))
916                else expression
917            )
918            return self.func(func_name, self.format_time(expression), this.this)
919
920        def eq_sql(self, expression: exp.EQ) -> str:
921            # Operands of = cannot be NULL in BigQuery
922            if isinstance(expression.left, exp.Null) or isinstance(expression.right, exp.Null):
923                if not isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Update):
924                    return "NULL"
925
926            return self.binary(expression, "=")
927
928        def attimezone_sql(self, expression: exp.AtTimeZone) -> str:
929            parent = expression.parent
930
931            # BigQuery allows CAST(.. AS {STRING|TIMESTAMP} [FORMAT <fmt> [AT TIME ZONE <tz>]]).
932            # Only the TIMESTAMP one should use the below conversion, when AT TIME ZONE is included.
933            if not isinstance(parent, exp.Cast) or not parent.to.is_type("text"):
934                return self.func(
935                    "TIMESTAMP", self.func("DATETIME", expression.this, expression.args.get("zone"))
936                )
937
938            return super().attimezone_sql(expression)
939
940        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
941            return self.cast_sql(expression, safe_prefix="SAFE_")
942
943        def bracket_sql(self, expression: exp.Bracket) -> str:
944            this = expression.this
945            expressions = expression.expressions
946
947            if len(expressions) == 1 and this and this.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT):
948                arg = expressions[0]
949                if arg.type is None:
950                    from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
951
952                    arg = annotate_types(arg)
953
954                if arg.type and arg.type.this in exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES:
955                    # BQ doesn't support bracket syntax with string values for structs
956                    return f"{self.sql(this)}.{arg.name}"
957
958            expressions_sql = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
959            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
960
961            if offset == 0:
962                expressions_sql = f"OFFSET({expressions_sql})"
963            elif offset == 1:
964                expressions_sql = f"ORDINAL({expressions_sql})"
965            elif offset is not None:
966                self.unsupported(f"Unsupported array offset: {offset}")
967
968            if expression.args.get("safe"):
969                expressions_sql = f"SAFE_{expressions_sql}"
970
971            return f"{self.sql(this)}[{expressions_sql}]"
972
973        def in_unnest_op(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
974            return self.sql(expression)
975
976        def except_op(self, expression: exp.Except) -> str:
977            if not expression.args.get("distinct"):
978                self.unsupported("EXCEPT without DISTINCT is not supported in BigQuery")
979            return f"EXCEPT{' DISTINCT' if expression.args.get('distinct') else ' ALL'}"
980
981        def intersect_op(self, expression: exp.Intersect) -> str:
982            if not expression.args.get("distinct"):
983                self.unsupported("INTERSECT without DISTINCT is not supported in BigQuery")
984            return f"INTERSECT{' DISTINCT' if expression.args.get('distinct') else ' ALL'}"
985
986        def version_sql(self, expression: exp.Version) -> str:
987            if expression.name == "TIMESTAMP":
988                expression.set("this", "SYSTEM_TIME")
989            return super().version_sql(expression)
WEEK_OFFSET = -1

First day of the week in DATE_TRUNC(week). Defaults to 0 (Monday). -1 would be Sunday.

UNNEST_COLUMN_ONLY = True

Whether UNNEST table aliases are treated as column aliases.

SUPPORTS_USER_DEFINED_TYPES = False

Whether user-defined data types are supported.

SUPPORTS_SEMI_ANTI_JOIN = False

Whether SEMI or ANTI joins are supported.

LOG_BASE_FIRST: Optional[bool] = False

Whether the base comes first in the LOG function. Possible values: True, False, None (two arguments are not supported by LOG)

HEX_LOWERCASE = True

Whether the HEX function returns a lowercase hexadecimal string.

FORCE_EARLY_ALIAS_REF_EXPANSION = True

Whether alias reference expansion (_expand_alias_refs()) should run before column qualification (_qualify_columns()).

For example:

WITH data AS ( SELECT 1 AS id, 2 AS my_id ) SELECT id AS my_id FROM data WHERE my_id = 1 GROUP BY my_id, HAVING my_id = 1

In most dialects "my_id" would refer to "data.my_id" (which is done in _qualify_columns()) across the query, except: - BigQuery, which will forward the alias to GROUP BY + HAVING clauses i.e it resolves to "WHERE my_id = 1 GROUP BY id HAVING id = 1" - Clickhouse, which will forward the alias across the query i.e it resolves to "WHERE id = 1 GROUP BY id HAVING id = 1"

EXPAND_ALIAS_REFS_EARLY_ONLY_IN_GROUP_BY = True

Whether alias reference expansion before qualification should only happen for the GROUP BY clause.

NORMALIZATION_STRATEGY = <NormalizationStrategy.CASE_INSENSITIVE: 'CASE_INSENSITIVE'>

Specifies the strategy according to which identifiers should be normalized.

NORMALIZE_FUNCTIONS: bool | str = False

Determines how function names are going to be normalized.

Possible values:

"upper" or True: Convert names to uppercase. "lower": Convert names to lowercase. False: Disables function name normalization.

TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'%D': '%m/%d/%y', '%E6S': '%S.%f', '%e': '%-d'}

Associates this dialect's time formats with their equivalent Python strftime formats.

FORMAT_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'DD': '%d', 'MM': '%m', 'MON': '%b', 'MONTH': '%B', 'YYYY': '%Y', 'YY': '%y', 'HH': '%I', 'HH12': '%I', 'HH24': '%H', 'MI': '%M', 'SS': '%S', 'SSSSS': '%f', 'TZH': '%z'}

Helper which is used for parsing the special syntax CAST(x AS DATE FORMAT 'yyyy'). If empty, the corresponding trie will be constructed off of TIME_MAPPING.

PSEUDOCOLUMNS: Set[str] = {'_PARTITIONTIME', '_PARTITIONDATE'}

Columns that are auto-generated by the engine corresponding to this dialect. For example, such columns may be excluded from SELECT * queries.

def normalize_identifier(self, expression: ~E) -> ~E:
279    def normalize_identifier(self, expression: E) -> E:
280        if (
281            isinstance(expression, exp.Identifier)
282            and self.normalization_strategy is not NormalizationStrategy.CASE_SENSITIVE
283        ):
284            parent = expression.parent
285            while isinstance(parent, exp.Dot):
286                parent = parent.parent
287
288            # In BigQuery, CTEs are case-insensitive, but UDF and table names are case-sensitive
289            # by default. The following check uses a heuristic to detect tables based on whether
290            # they are qualified. This should generally be correct, because tables in BigQuery
291            # must be qualified with at least a dataset, unless @@dataset_id is set.
292            case_sensitive = (
293                isinstance(parent, exp.UserDefinedFunction)
294                or (
295                    isinstance(parent, exp.Table)
296                    and parent.db
297                    and (parent.meta.get("quoted_table") or not parent.meta.get("maybe_column"))
298                )
299                or expression.meta.get("is_table")
300            )
301            if not case_sensitive:
302                expression.set("this", expression.this.lower())
303
304        return expression

Transforms an identifier in a way that resembles how it'd be resolved by this dialect.

For example, an identifier like FoO would be resolved as foo in Postgres, because it lowercases all unquoted identifiers. On the other hand, Snowflake uppercases them, so it would resolve it as FOO. If it was quoted, it'd need to be treated as case-sensitive, and so any normalization would be prohibited in order to avoid "breaking" the identifier.

There are also dialects like Spark, which are case-insensitive even when quotes are present, and dialects like MySQL, whose resolution rules match those employed by the underlying operating system, for example they may always be case-sensitive in Linux.

Finally, the normalization behavior of some engines can even be controlled through flags, like in Redshift's case, where users can explicitly set enable_case_sensitive_identifier.

SQLGlot aims to understand and handle all of these different behaviors gracefully, so that it can analyze queries in the optimizer and successfully capture their semantics.

SUPPORTS_COLUMN_JOIN_MARKS = False

Whether the old-style outer join (+) syntax is supported.

UNESCAPED_SEQUENCES: Dict[str, str] = {'\\a': '\x07', '\\b': '\x08', '\\f': '\x0c', '\\n': '\n', '\\r': '\r', '\\t': '\t', '\\v': '\x0b', '\\\\': '\\'}

Mapping of an escaped sequence (\n) to its unescaped version ( ).

tokenizer_class = <class 'BigQuery.Tokenizer'>
jsonpath_tokenizer_class = <class 'sqlglot.tokens.JSONPathTokenizer'>
parser_class = <class 'BigQuery.Parser'>
generator_class = <class 'BigQuery.Generator'>
TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'%': {'D': {0: True}, 'E': {'6': {'S': {0: True}}}, 'e': {0: True}}}
FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {'D': {'D': {0: True}}, 'M': {'M': {0: True}, 'O': {'N': {0: True, 'T': {'H': {0: True}}}}, 'I': {0: True}}, 'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {'Y': {0: True}}, 0: True}}, 'H': {'H': {0: True, '1': {'2': {0: True}}, '2': {'4': {0: True}}}}, 'S': {'S': {0: True, 'S': {'S': {'S': {0: True}}}}}, 'T': {'Z': {'H': {0: True}}}}
INVERSE_TIME_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'%m/%d/%y': '%D', '%S.%f': '%E6S', '%-d': '%e'}
INVERSE_TIME_TRIE: Dict = {'%': {'m': {'/': {'%': {'d': {'/': {'%': {'y': {0: True}}}}}}}, 'S': {'.': {'%': {'f': {0: True}}}}, '-': {'d': {0: True}}}}
INVERSE_FORMAT_MAPPING: Dict[str, str] = {'%d': 'DD', '%m': 'MM', '%b': 'MON', '%B': 'MONTH', '%Y': 'YYYY', '%y': 'YY', '%I': 'HH12', '%H': 'HH24', '%M': 'MI', '%S': 'SS', '%f': 'SSSSS', '%z': 'TZH'}
INVERSE_FORMAT_TRIE: Dict = {'%': {'d': {0: True}, 'm': {0: True}, 'b': {0: True}, 'B': {0: True}, 'Y': {0: True}, 'y': {0: True}, 'I': {0: True}, 'H': {0: True}, 'M': {0: True}, 'S': {0: True}, 'f': {0: True}, 'z': {0: True}}}
INVERSE_CREATABLE_KIND_MAPPING: dict[str, str] = {}
ESCAPED_SEQUENCES: Dict[str, str] = {'\x07': '\\a', '\x08': '\\b', '\x0c': '\\f', '\n': '\\n', '\r': '\\r', '\t': '\\t', '\x0b': '\\v', '\\': '\\\\'}
QUOTE_START = "'"
QUOTE_END = "'"
IDENTIFIER_START = '`'
IDENTIFIER_END = '`'
BIT_START: Optional[str] = None
BIT_END: Optional[str] = None
HEX_START: Optional[str] = '0x'
HEX_END: Optional[str] = ''
BYTE_START: Optional[str] = "b'"
BYTE_END: Optional[str] = "'"
UNICODE_START: Optional[str] = None
UNICODE_END: Optional[str] = None
class BigQuery.Tokenizer(sqlglot.tokens.Tokenizer):
306    class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer):
307        QUOTES = ["'", '"', '"""', "'''"]
308        COMMENTS = ["--", "#", ("/*", "*/")]
309        IDENTIFIERS = ["`"]
310        STRING_ESCAPES = ["\\"]
311
312        HEX_STRINGS = [("0x", ""), ("0X", "")]
313
314        BYTE_STRINGS = [
315            (prefix + q, q) for q in t.cast(t.List[str], QUOTES) for prefix in ("b", "B")
316        ]
317
318        RAW_STRINGS = [
319            (prefix + q, q) for q in t.cast(t.List[str], QUOTES) for prefix in ("r", "R")
320        ]
321
322        KEYWORDS = {
323            **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS,
324            "ANY TYPE": TokenType.VARIANT,
325            "BEGIN": TokenType.COMMAND,
326            "BEGIN TRANSACTION": TokenType.BEGIN,
327            "BYTEINT": TokenType.INT,
328            "BYTES": TokenType.BINARY,
329            "CURRENT_DATETIME": TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME,
330            "DATETIME": TokenType.TIMESTAMP,
331            "DECLARE": TokenType.COMMAND,
332            "ELSEIF": TokenType.COMMAND,
333            "EXCEPTION": TokenType.COMMAND,
334            "FLOAT64": TokenType.DOUBLE,
335            "FOR SYSTEM_TIME": TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT,
336            "MODEL": TokenType.MODEL,
337            "NOT DETERMINISTIC": TokenType.VOLATILE,
338            "RECORD": TokenType.STRUCT,
339            "TIMESTAMP": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
340        }
341        KEYWORDS.pop("DIV")
342        KEYWORDS.pop("VALUES")
343        KEYWORDS.pop("/*+")
QUOTES = ["'", '"', '"""', "'''"]
COMMENTS = ['--', '#', ('/*', '*/')]
IDENTIFIERS = ['`']
STRING_ESCAPES = ['\\']
HEX_STRINGS = [('0x', ''), ('0X', '')]
BYTE_STRINGS = [("b'", "'"), ("B'", "'"), ('b"', '"'), ('B"', '"'), ('b"""', '"""'), ('B"""', '"""'), ("b'''", "'''"), ("B'''", "'''")]
RAW_STRINGS = [("r'", "'"), ("R'", "'"), ('r"', '"'), ('R"', '"'), ('r"""', '"""'), ('R"""', '"""'), ("r'''", "'''"), ("R'''", "'''")]
KEYWORDS = {'{%': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{%-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '+%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-%}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '{{+': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '{{-': <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>, '+}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '-}}': <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>, '==': <TokenType.EQ: 'EQ'>, '::': <TokenType.DCOLON: 'DCOLON'>, '||': <TokenType.DPIPE: 'DPIPE'>, '>=': <TokenType.GTE: 'GTE'>, '<=': <TokenType.LTE: 'LTE'>, '<>': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, '!=': <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>, ':=': <TokenType.COLON_EQ: 'COLON_EQ'>, '<=>': <TokenType.NULLSAFE_EQ: 'NULLSAFE_EQ'>, '->': <TokenType.ARROW: 'ARROW'>, '->>': <TokenType.DARROW: 'DARROW'>, '=>': <TokenType.FARROW: 'FARROW'>, '#>': <TokenType.HASH_ARROW: 'HASH_ARROW'>, '#>>': <TokenType.DHASH_ARROW: 'DHASH_ARROW'>, '<->': <TokenType.LR_ARROW: 'LR_ARROW'>, '&&': <TokenType.DAMP: 'DAMP'>, '??': <TokenType.DQMARK: 'DQMARK'>, 'ALL': <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, 'ALWAYS': <TokenType.ALWAYS: 'ALWAYS'>, 'AND': <TokenType.AND: 'AND'>, 'ANTI': <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, 'ANY': <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, 'ASC': <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, 'AS': <TokenType.ALIAS: 'ALIAS'>, 'ASOF': <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, 'AUTOINCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, 'BEGIN': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'BETWEEN': <TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>, 'CACHE': <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, 'UNCACHE': <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>, 'CASE': <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, 'CHARACTER SET': <TokenType.CHARACTER_SET: 'CHARACTER_SET'>, 'CLUSTER BY': <TokenType.CLUSTER_BY: 'CLUSTER_BY'>, 'COLLATE': <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, 'COLUMN': <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, 'COMMIT': <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, 'CONNECT BY': <TokenType.CONNECT_BY: 'CONNECT_BY'>, 'CONSTRAINT': <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, 'COPY': <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, 'CREATE': <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>, 'CROSS': <TokenType.CROSS: 'CROSS'>, 'CUBE': <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, 'CURRENT_USER': <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, 'DATABASE': <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, 'DEFAULT': <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, 'DELETE': <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, 'DESC': <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, 'DESCRIBE': <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, 'DISTINCT': <TokenType.DISTINCT: 'DISTINCT'>, 'DISTRIBUTE BY': <TokenType.DISTRIBUTE_BY: 'DISTRIBUTE_BY'>, 'DROP': <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>, 'ELSE': <TokenType.ELSE: 'ELSE'>, 'END': <TokenType.END: 'END'>, 'ENUM': <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, 'ESCAPE': <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, 'EXCEPT': <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>, 'EXECUTE': <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, 'EXISTS': <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, 'FALSE': <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, 'FETCH': <TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>, 'FILTER': <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, 'FIRST': <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, 'FULL': <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, 'FUNCTION': <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, 'FOR': <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>, 'FOREIGN KEY': <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, 'FORMAT': <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, 'FROM': <TokenType.FROM: 'FROM'>, 'GEOGRAPHY': <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, 'GEOMETRY': <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, 'GLOB': <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>, 'GROUP BY': <TokenType.GROUP_BY: 'GROUP_BY'>, 'GROUPING SETS': <TokenType.GROUPING_SETS: 'GROUPING_SETS'>, 'HAVING': <TokenType.HAVING: 'HAVING'>, 'ILIKE': <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>, 'IN': <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>, 'INDEX': <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, 'INET': <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, 'INNER': <TokenType.INNER: 'INNER'>, 'INSERT': <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>, 'INTERVAL': <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, 'INTERSECT': <TokenType.INTERSECT: 'INTERSECT'>, 'INTO': <TokenType.INTO: 'INTO'>, 'IS': <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, 'ISNULL': <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, 'JOIN': <TokenType.JOIN: 'JOIN'>, 'KEEP': <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, 'KILL': <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, 'LATERAL': <TokenType.LATERAL: 'LATERAL'>, 'LEFT': <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, 'LIKE': <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>, 'LIMIT': <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>, 'LOAD': <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, 'LOCK': <TokenType.LOCK: 'LOCK'>, 'MERGE': <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, 'NATURAL': <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, 'NEXT': <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, 'NOT': <TokenType.NOT: 'NOT'>, 'NOTNULL': <TokenType.NOTNULL: 'NOTNULL'>, 'NULL': <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, 'OBJECT': <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, 'OFFSET': <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, 'ON': <TokenType.ON: 'ON'>, 'OR': <TokenType.OR: 'OR'>, 'XOR': <TokenType.XOR: 'XOR'>, 'ORDER BY': <TokenType.ORDER_BY: 'ORDER_BY'>, 'ORDINALITY': <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>, 'OUTER': <TokenType.OUTER: 'OUTER'>, 'OVER': <TokenType.OVER: 'OVER'>, 'OVERLAPS': <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, 'OVERWRITE': <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, 'PARTITION': <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, 'PARTITION BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PARTITIONED_BY': <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>, 'PERCENT': <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, 'PIVOT': <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, 'PRAGMA': <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <TokenType.PRIMARY_KEY: 'PRIMARY_KEY'>, 'PROCEDURE': <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, 'QUALIFY': <TokenType.QUALIFY: 'QUALIFY'>, 'RANGE': <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, 'RECURSIVE': <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, 'REGEXP': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'RENAME': <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, 'REPLACE': <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, 'RETURNING': <TokenType.RETURNING: 'RETURNING'>, 'REFERENCES': <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, 'RIGHT': <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, 'RLIKE': <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>, 'ROLLBACK': <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>, 'ROLLUP': <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, 'ROW': <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, 'ROWS': <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, 'SCHEMA': <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, 'SELECT': <TokenType.SELECT: 'SELECT'>, 'SEMI': <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, 'SET': <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, 'SETTINGS': <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, 'SHOW': <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, 'SIMILAR TO': <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>, 'SOME': <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, 'SORT BY': <TokenType.SORT_BY: 'SORT_BY'>, 'START WITH': <TokenType.START_WITH: 'START_WITH'>, 'STRAIGHT_JOIN': <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, 'TABLE': <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, 'TABLESAMPLE': <TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE: 'TABLE_SAMPLE'>, 'TEMP': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'TEMPORARY': <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, 'THEN': <TokenType.THEN: 'THEN'>, 'TRUE': <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, 'TRUNCATE': <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, 'UNION': <TokenType.UNION: 'UNION'>, 'UNKNOWN': <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, 'UNNEST': <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, 'UNPIVOT': <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, 'UPDATE': <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, 'USE': <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, 'USING': <TokenType.USING: 'USING'>, 'UUID': <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, 'VIEW': <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, 'VOLATILE': <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, 'WHEN': <TokenType.WHEN: 'WHEN'>, 'WHERE': <TokenType.WHERE: 'WHERE'>, 'WINDOW': <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, 'WITH': <TokenType.WITH: 'WITH'>, 'APPLY': <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, 'ARRAY': <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, 'BIT': <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, 'BOOL': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BOOLEAN': <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, 'BYTE': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'MEDIUMINT': <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, 'INT1': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'TINYINT': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'INT16': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SHORT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'SMALLINT': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'INT128': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'HUGEINT': <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, 'INT2': <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, 'INTEGER': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT4': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT32': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'INT64': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'LONG': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'BIGINT': <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, 'INT8': <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, 'UINT': <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, 'DEC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'DECIMAL': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'BIGDECIMAL': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'BIGNUMERIC': <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, 'LIST': <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, 'MAP': <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, 'NULLABLE': <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, 'NUMBER': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'NUMERIC': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'FIXED': <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, 'REAL': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT4': <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, 'FLOAT8': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'DOUBLE PRECISION': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'JSON': <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, 'JSONB': <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, 'CHAR': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'CHARACTER': <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, 'NCHAR': <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'VARCHAR2': <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'NVARCHAR2': <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, 'BPCHAR': <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, 'STR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'STRING': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'TEXT': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGTEXT': <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, 'MEDIUMTEXT': <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, 'TINYTEXT': <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, 'CLOB': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'LONGVARCHAR': <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, 'BINARY': <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, 'BLOB': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'LONGBLOB': <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, 'MEDIUMBLOB': <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, 'TINYBLOB': <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, 'BYTEA': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'VARBINARY': <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, 'TIME': <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, 'TIMETZ': <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPLTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_LTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMPNTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'TIMESTAMP_NTZ': <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, 'DATE': <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, 'DATETIME': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, 'INT4RANGE': <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, 'INT4MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, 'INT8RANGE': <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, 'INT8MULTIRANGE': <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, 'NUMRANGE': <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, 'NUMMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSRANGE': <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, 'TSMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, 'TSTZRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, 'TSTZMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, 'DATERANGE': <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, 'DATEMULTIRANGE': <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, 'UNIQUE': <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, 'VECTOR': <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, 'STRUCT': <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, 'SEQUENCE': <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, 'VARIANT': <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, 'ALTER': <TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>, 'ANALYZE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'CALL': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'COMMENT': <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, 'EXPLAIN': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'GRANT': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'OPTIMIZE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'PREPARE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'VACUUM': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'USER-DEFINED': <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, 'FOR VERSION': <TokenType.VERSION_SNAPSHOT: 'VERSION_SNAPSHOT'>, 'FOR TIMESTAMP': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT: 'TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT'>, 'ANY TYPE': <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, 'BEGIN TRANSACTION': <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, 'BYTEINT': <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, 'BYTES': <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, 'CURRENT_DATETIME': <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, 'DECLARE': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'ELSEIF': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'EXCEPTION': <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, 'FLOAT64': <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, 'FOR SYSTEM_TIME': <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT: 'TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT'>, 'MODEL': <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, 'NOT DETERMINISTIC': <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, 'RECORD': <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>}
class BigQuery.Parser(sqlglot.parser.Parser):
345    class Parser(parser.Parser):
346        PREFIXED_PIVOT_COLUMNS = True
347        LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True
348        SUPPORTS_IMPLICIT_UNNEST = True
349
350        FUNCTIONS = {
351            **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS,
352            "DATE": _build_date,
353            "DATE_ADD": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DateAdd),
354            "DATE_SUB": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DateSub),
355            "DATE_TRUNC": lambda args: exp.DateTrunc(
356                unit=exp.Literal.string(str(seq_get(args, 1))),
357                this=seq_get(args, 0),
358            ),
359            "DATETIME": _build_datetime,
360            "DATETIME_ADD": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DatetimeAdd),
361            "DATETIME_SUB": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.DatetimeSub),
362            "DIV": binary_from_function(exp.IntDiv),
363            "FORMAT_DATE": lambda args: exp.TimeToStr(
364                this=exp.TsOrDsToDate(this=seq_get(args, 1)), format=seq_get(args, 0)
365            ),
366            "GENERATE_ARRAY": exp.GenerateSeries.from_arg_list,
367            "JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR": lambda args: exp.JSONExtractScalar(
368                this=seq_get(args, 0), expression=seq_get(args, 1) or exp.Literal.string("$")
369            ),
370            "LENGTH": lambda args: exp.Length(this=seq_get(args, 0), binary=True),
371            "MD5": exp.MD5Digest.from_arg_list,
372            "TO_HEX": _build_to_hex,
373            "PARSE_DATE": lambda args: build_formatted_time(exp.StrToDate, "bigquery")(
374                [seq_get(args, 1), seq_get(args, 0)]
375            ),
376            "PARSE_TIMESTAMP": _build_parse_timestamp,
377            "REGEXP_CONTAINS": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list,
378            "REGEXP_EXTRACT": lambda args: exp.RegexpExtract(
379                this=seq_get(args, 0),
380                expression=seq_get(args, 1),
381                position=seq_get(args, 2),
382                occurrence=seq_get(args, 3),
383                group=exp.Literal.number(1) if re.compile(args[1].name).groups == 1 else None,
384            ),
385            "SHA256": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(256)),
386            "SHA512": lambda args: exp.SHA2(this=seq_get(args, 0), length=exp.Literal.number(512)),
387            "SPLIT": lambda args: exp.Split(
388                # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/string_functions#split
389                this=seq_get(args, 0),
390                expression=seq_get(args, 1) or exp.Literal.string(","),
391            ),
392            "TIME": _build_time,
393            "TIME_ADD": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimeAdd),
394            "TIME_SUB": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimeSub),
395            "TIMESTAMP": _build_timestamp,
396            "TIMESTAMP_ADD": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimestampAdd),
397            "TIMESTAMP_SUB": build_date_delta_with_interval(exp.TimestampSub),
398            "TIMESTAMP_MICROS": lambda args: exp.UnixToTime(
399                this=seq_get(args, 0), scale=exp.UnixToTime.MICROS
400            ),
401            "TIMESTAMP_MILLIS": lambda args: exp.UnixToTime(
402                this=seq_get(args, 0), scale=exp.UnixToTime.MILLIS
403            ),
404            "TIMESTAMP_SECONDS": lambda args: exp.UnixToTime(this=seq_get(args, 0)),
405            "TO_JSON_STRING": exp.JSONFormat.from_arg_list,
406            "FORMAT_DATETIME": lambda args: exp.TimeToStr(
407                this=exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp(this=seq_get(args, 1)), format=seq_get(args, 0)
408            ),
409        }
410
411        FUNCTION_PARSERS = {
412            **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS,
413            "ARRAY": lambda self: self.expression(exp.Array, expressions=[self._parse_statement()]),
414        }
415        FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("TRIM")
416
417        NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS = {
418            **parser.Parser.NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS,
419            TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: exp.CurrentDatetime,
420        }
421
422        NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS = {
423            *parser.Parser.NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS,
424            TokenType.TABLE,
425        }
426
427        PROPERTY_PARSERS = {
428            **parser.Parser.PROPERTY_PARSERS,
429            "NOT DETERMINISTIC": lambda self: self.expression(
430                exp.StabilityProperty, this=exp.Literal.string("VOLATILE")
431            ),
432            "OPTIONS": lambda self: self._parse_with_property(),
433        }
434
435        CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {
436            **parser.Parser.CONSTRAINT_PARSERS,
437            "OPTIONS": lambda self: exp.Properties(expressions=self._parse_with_property()),
438        }
439
440        RANGE_PARSERS = parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS.copy()
441        RANGE_PARSERS.pop(TokenType.OVERLAPS)
442
443        NULL_TOKENS = {TokenType.NULL, TokenType.UNKNOWN}
444
445        STATEMENT_PARSERS = {
446            **parser.Parser.STATEMENT_PARSERS,
447            TokenType.ELSE: lambda self: self._parse_as_command(self._prev),
448            TokenType.END: lambda self: self._parse_as_command(self._prev),
449            TokenType.FOR: lambda self: self._parse_for_in(),
450        }
451
452        BRACKET_OFFSETS = {
453            "OFFSET": (0, False),
454            "ORDINAL": (1, False),
455            "SAFE_OFFSET": (0, True),
456            "SAFE_ORDINAL": (1, True),
457        }
458
459        def _parse_for_in(self) -> exp.ForIn:
460            this = self._parse_range()
461            self._match_text_seq("DO")
462            return self.expression(exp.ForIn, this=this, expression=self._parse_statement())
463
464        def _parse_table_part(self, schema: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
465            this = super()._parse_table_part(schema=schema) or self._parse_number()
466
467            # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/lexical#table_names
468            if isinstance(this, exp.Identifier):
469                table_name = this.name
470                while self._match(TokenType.DASH, advance=False) and self._next:
471                    text = ""
472                    while self._curr and self._curr.token_type != TokenType.DOT:
473                        self._advance()
474                        text += self._prev.text
475                    table_name += text
476
477                this = exp.Identifier(this=table_name, quoted=this.args.get("quoted"))
478            elif isinstance(this, exp.Literal):
479                table_name = this.name
480
481                if self._is_connected() and self._parse_var(any_token=True):
482                    table_name += self._prev.text
483
484                this = exp.Identifier(this=table_name, quoted=True)
485
486            return this
487
488        def _parse_table_parts(
489            self, schema: bool = False, is_db_reference: bool = False, wildcard: bool = False
490        ) -> exp.Table:
491            table = super()._parse_table_parts(
492                schema=schema, is_db_reference=is_db_reference, wildcard=True
493            )
494
495            # proj-1.db.tbl -- `1.` is tokenized as a float so we need to unravel it here
496            if not table.catalog:
497                if table.db:
498                    parts = table.db.split(".")
499                    if len(parts) == 2 and not table.args["db"].quoted:
500                        table.set("catalog", exp.Identifier(this=parts[0]))
501                        table.set("db", exp.Identifier(this=parts[1]))
502                else:
503                    parts = table.name.split(".")
504                    if len(parts) == 2 and not table.this.quoted:
505                        table.set("db", exp.Identifier(this=parts[0]))
506                        table.set("this", exp.Identifier(this=parts[1]))
507
508            if isinstance(table.this, exp.Identifier) and any("." in p.name for p in table.parts):
509                catalog, db, this, *rest = (
510                    exp.to_identifier(p, quoted=True)
511                    for p in split_num_words(".".join(p.name for p in table.parts), ".", 3)
512                )
513
514                if rest and this:
515                    this = exp.Dot.build([this, *rest])  # type: ignore
516
517                table = exp.Table(
518                    this=this, db=db, catalog=catalog, pivots=table.args.get("pivots")
519                )
520                table.meta["quoted_table"] = True
521
522            return table
523
524        def _parse_column(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
525            column = super()._parse_column()
526            if isinstance(column, exp.Column):
527                parts = column.parts
528                if any("." in p.name for p in parts):
529                    catalog, db, table, this, *rest = (
530                        exp.to_identifier(p, quoted=True)
531                        for p in split_num_words(".".join(p.name for p in parts), ".", 4)
532                    )
533
534                    if rest and this:
535                        this = exp.Dot.build([this, *rest])  # type: ignore
536
537                    column = exp.Column(this=this, table=table, db=db, catalog=catalog)
538                    column.meta["quoted_column"] = True
539
540            return column
541
542        @t.overload
543        def _parse_json_object(self, agg: Lit[False]) -> exp.JSONObject: ...
544
545        @t.overload
546        def _parse_json_object(self, agg: Lit[True]) -> exp.JSONObjectAgg: ...
547
548        def _parse_json_object(self, agg=False):
549            json_object = super()._parse_json_object()
550            array_kv_pair = seq_get(json_object.expressions, 0)
551
552            # Converts BQ's "signature 2" of JSON_OBJECT into SQLGlot's canonical representation
553            # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/json_functions#json_object_signature2
554            if (
555                array_kv_pair
556                and isinstance(array_kv_pair.this, exp.Array)
557                and isinstance(array_kv_pair.expression, exp.Array)
558            ):
559                keys = array_kv_pair.this.expressions
560                values = array_kv_pair.expression.expressions
561
562                json_object.set(
563                    "expressions",
564                    [exp.JSONKeyValue(this=k, expression=v) for k, v in zip(keys, values)],
565                )
566
567            return json_object
568
569        def _parse_bracket(
570            self, this: t.Optional[exp.Expression] = None
571        ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]:
572            bracket = super()._parse_bracket(this)
573
574            if this is bracket:
575                return bracket
576
577            if isinstance(bracket, exp.Bracket):
578                for expression in bracket.expressions:
579                    name = expression.name.upper()
580
581                    if name not in self.BRACKET_OFFSETS:
582                        break
583
584                    offset, safe = self.BRACKET_OFFSETS[name]
585                    bracket.set("offset", offset)
586                    bracket.set("safe", safe)
587                    expression.replace(expression.expressions[0])
588
589            return bracket
590
591        def _parse_unnest(self, with_alias: bool = True) -> t.Optional[exp.Unnest]:
592            unnest = super()._parse_unnest(with_alias=with_alias)
593
594            if not unnest:
595                return None
596
597            unnest_expr = seq_get(unnest.expressions, 0)
598            if unnest_expr:
599                from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
600
601                unnest_expr = annotate_types(unnest_expr)
602
603                # Unnesting a nested array (i.e array of structs) explodes the top-level struct fields,
604                # in contrast to other dialects such as DuckDB which flattens only the array by default
605                if unnest_expr.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.ARRAY) and any(
606                    array_elem.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT)
607                    for array_elem in unnest_expr._type.expressions
608                ):
609                    unnest.set("explode_array", True)
610
611            return unnest

Parser consumes a list of tokens produced by the Tokenizer and produces a parsed syntax tree.

Arguments:
  • error_level: The desired error level. Default: ErrorLevel.IMMEDIATE
  • error_message_context: The amount of context to capture from a query string when displaying the error message (in number of characters). Default: 100
  • max_errors: Maximum number of error messages to include in a raised ParseError. This is only relevant if error_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
PREFIXED_PIVOT_COLUMNS = True
LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True
SUPPORTS_IMPLICIT_UNNEST = True
FUNCTIONS = {'ABS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Abs'>>, 'ADD_MONTHS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AddMonths'>>, 'ANONYMOUS_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnonymousAggFunc'>>, 'ANY_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AnyValue'>>, 'APPROX_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>>, 'APPROX_QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxQuantile'>>, 'APPROX_TOP_K': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxTopK'>>, 'ARG_MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARGMAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'MAX_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>>, 'ARG_MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARGMIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'MIN_BY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>>, 'ARRAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAll'>>, 'ARRAY_ANY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayAny'>>, 'ARRAY_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConcat'>>, 'ARRAY_CONSTRUCT_COMPACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayConstructCompact'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'ARRAY_HAS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>>, 'ARRAY_CONTAINS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'ARRAY_HAS_ALL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContainsAll'>>, 'FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_FILTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>>, 'ARRAY_OVERLAPS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayOverlaps'>>, 'ARRAY_SIZE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_LENGTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>>, 'ARRAY_SORT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySort'>>, 'ARRAY_SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySum'>>, 'ARRAY_TO_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_JOIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayToString'>>, 'ARRAY_UNION_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUnionAgg'>>, 'ARRAY_UNIQUE_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayUniqueAgg'>>, 'AVG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Avg'>>, 'CASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Case'>>, 'CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cast'>>, 'CAST_TO_STR_TYPE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CastToStrType'>>, 'CBRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cbrt'>>, 'CEIL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CEILING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ceil'>>, 'CHR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Chr'>>, 'CHAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Chr'>>, 'COALESCE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'IFNULL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Coalesce'>>, 'NVL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Coalesce'>>, 'COLLATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Collate'>>, 'COMBINED_AGG_FUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedAggFunc'>>, 'COMBINED_PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CombinedParameterizedAgg'>>, 'CONCAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONCAT_WS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONNECT_BY_ROOT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConnectByRoot'>>, 'CONVERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Convert'>>, 'CONVERT_TIMEZONE': <function build_convert_timezone>, 'CORR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Corr'>>, 'COUNT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Count'>>, 'COUNT_IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COUNTIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>>, 'COVAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarPop'>>, 'COVAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CovarSamp'>>, 'CURRENT_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>>, 'CURRENT_DATETIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDatetime'>>, 'CURRENT_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTime'>>, 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>>, 'CURRENT_USER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentUser'>>, 'DATE': <function _build_date>, 'DATE_ADD': <function build_date_delta_with_interval.<locals>._builder>, 'DATEDIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>>, 'DATE_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>>, 'DATE_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>>, 'DATE_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>>, 'DATE_SUB': <function build_date_delta_with_interval.<locals>._builder>, 'DATE_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATE_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateToDi'>>, 'DATE_TRUNC': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATETIME': <function _build_datetime>, 'DATETIME_ADD': <function build_date_delta_with_interval.<locals>._builder>, 'DATETIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeDiff'>>, 'DATETIME_SUB': <function build_date_delta_with_interval.<locals>._builder>, 'DATETIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeTrunc'>>, 'DAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Day'>>, 'DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAYOFMONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfMonth'>>, 'DAY_OF_WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAYOFWEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfWeek'>>, 'DAY_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DAYOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DayOfYear'>>, 'DECODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Decode'>>, 'DI_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DiToDate'>>, 'ENCODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Encode'>>, 'EXP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Exp'>>, 'EXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Explode'>>, 'EXPLODE_OUTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExplodeOuter'>>, 'EXPLODING_GENERATE_SERIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExplodingGenerateSeries'>>, 'EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Extract'>>, 'FIRST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.First'>>, 'FIRST_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FirstValue'>>, 'FLATTEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Flatten'>>, 'FLOOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Floor'>>, 'FROM_BASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase'>>, 'FROM_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromBase64'>>, 'FROM_ISO8601_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromISO8601Timestamp'>>, 'GAP_FILL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GapFill'>>, 'GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GENERATE_SERIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>>, 'GENERATE_TIMESTAMP_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateTimestampArray'>>, 'GREATEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Greatest'>>, 'GROUP_CONCAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>>, 'HEX': <function build_hex>, 'HLL': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Hll'>>, 'IF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'IIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>>, 'INITCAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Initcap'>>, 'IS_INF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsInf'>>, 'ISINF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsInf'>>, 'IS_NAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'ISNAN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsNan'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArray'>>, 'J_S_O_N_ARRAY_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayAgg'>>, 'JSON_ARRAY_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONArrayContains'>>, 'JSONB_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBContains'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtract'>>, 'JSONB_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONBExtractScalar'>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_SCALAR': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_FORMAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONFormat'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObject'>>, 'J_S_O_N_OBJECT_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONObjectAgg'>>, 'J_S_O_N_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONTable'>>, 'LAG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lag'>>, 'LAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Last'>>, 'LAST_DAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDay'>>, 'LAST_DAY_OF_MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastDay'>>, 'LAST_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LastValue'>>, 'LEAD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lead'>>, 'LEAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Least'>>, 'LEFT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Left'>>, 'LENGTH': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, 'LEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Length'>>, 'LEVENSHTEIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Levenshtein'>>, 'LIST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.List'>>, 'LN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Ln'>>, 'LOG': <function build_logarithm>, 'LOGICAL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOL_AND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'BOOLAND_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalAnd'>>, 'LOGICAL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOL_OR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'BOOLOR_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogicalOr'>>, 'LOWER': <function build_lower>, 'LCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Lower'>>, 'LOWER_HEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LowerHex'>>, 'MD5': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5Digest'>>, 'MD5_DIGEST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5Digest'>>, 'MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Map'>>, 'MAP_FROM_ENTRIES': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MapFromEntries'>>, 'MATCH_AGAINST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MatchAgainst'>>, 'MAX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>>, 'MIN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>>, 'MONTH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Month'>>, 'MONTHS_BETWEEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MonthsBetween'>>, 'NEXT_VALUE_FOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NextValueFor'>>, 'NTH_VALUE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NthValue'>>, 'NULLIF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nullif'>>, 'NUMBER_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NumberToStr'>>, 'NVL2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Nvl2'>>, 'OBJECT_INSERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ObjectInsert'>>, 'OPEN_J_S_O_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OpenJSON'>>, 'PAD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pad'>>, 'PARAMETERIZED_AGG': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParameterizedAgg'>>, 'PARSE_JSON': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'JSON_PARSE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ParseJSON'>>, 'PERCENTILE_CONT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileCont'>>, 'PERCENTILE_DISC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PercentileDisc'>>, 'POSEXPLODE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Posexplode'>>, 'POSEXPLODE_OUTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PosexplodeOuter'>>, 'POWER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'POW': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Pow'>>, 'PREDICT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Predict'>>, 'QUANTILE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quantile'>>, 'QUARTER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Quarter'>>, 'RAND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>>, 'RANDOM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rand'>>, 'RANDN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Randn'>>, 'RANGE_N': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RangeN'>>, 'READ_CSV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReadCSV'>>, 'REDUCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Reduce'>>, 'REGEXP_EXTRACT': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, 'REGEXP_I_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpILike'>>, 'REGEXP_LIKE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>>, 'REGEXP_REPLACE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpReplace'>>, 'REGEXP_SPLIT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpSplit'>>, 'REPEAT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Repeat'>>, 'RIGHT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Right'>>, 'ROUND': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Round'>>, 'ROW_NUMBER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowNumber'>>, 'SHA': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA1': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>>, 'SHA2': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA2'>>, 'SAFE_DIVIDE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SafeDivide'>>, 'SIGN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>>, 'SIGNUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sign'>>, 'SORT_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortArray'>>, 'SPLIT': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, 'SQRT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sqrt'>>, 'STANDARD_HASH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StandardHash'>>, 'STAR_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StarMap'>>, 'STARTS_WITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STARTSWITH': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StartsWith'>>, 'STDDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDEV': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stddev'>>, 'STDDEV_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevPop'>>, 'STDDEV_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StddevSamp'>>, 'STR_POSITION': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrPosition'>>, 'STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>>, 'STR_TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToMap'>>, 'STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>>, 'STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToUnix'>>, 'STRING_TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StringToArray'>>, 'SPLIT_BY_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StringToArray'>>, 'STRUCT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Struct'>>, 'STRUCT_EXTRACT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StructExtract'>>, 'STUFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'INSERT': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stuff'>>, 'SUBSTRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Substring'>>, 'SUM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Sum'>>, 'TIME': <function _build_time>, 'TIME_ADD': <function build_date_delta_with_interval.<locals>._builder>, 'TIME_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeDiff'>>, 'TIME_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts'>>, 'TIMEFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToDate'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>>, 'TIME_STR_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToUnix'>>, 'TIME_SUB': <function build_date_delta_with_interval.<locals>._builder>, 'TIME_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr'>>, 'TIME_TO_TIME_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIME_TO_UNIX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeToUnix'>>, 'TIME_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeTrunc'>>, 'TIMESTAMP': <function _build_timestamp>, 'TIMESTAMP_ADD': <function build_date_delta_with_interval.<locals>._builder>, 'TIMESTAMPDIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_FROM_PARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampFromParts'>>, 'TIMESTAMPFROMPARTS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampFromParts'>>, 'TIMESTAMP_SUB': <function build_date_delta_with_interval.<locals>._builder>, 'TIMESTAMP_TRUNC': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampTrunc'>>, 'TO_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToArray'>>, 'TO_BASE64': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToBase64'>>, 'TO_CHAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToChar'>>, 'TO_DAYS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToDays'>>, 'TO_MAP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>>, 'TO_NUMBER': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToNumber'>>, 'TRANSFORM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Transform'>>, 'TRIM': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>>, 'TRY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Try'>>, 'TRY_CAST': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TryCast'>>, 'TS_OR_DI_TO_DI': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDiToDi'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_ADD': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_DIFF': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToDate'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_DATE_STR': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTime'>>, 'TS_OR_DS_TO_TIMESTAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTimestamp'>>, 'UNHEX': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>>, 'UNIX_DATE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixDate'>>, 'UNIX_TO_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToStr'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>>, 'UNIX_TO_TIME_STR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTimeStr'>>, 'UNNEST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UPPER': <function build_upper>, 'UCASE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Upper'>>, 'VAR_MAP': <function build_var_map>, 'VARIANCE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VAR_SAMP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Variance'>>, 'VARIANCE_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'VAR_POP': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>>, 'WEEK': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Week'>>, 'WEEK_OF_YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'WEEKOFYEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WeekOfYear'>>, 'WHEN': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.When'>>, 'X_M_L_TABLE': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.XMLTable'>>, 'XOR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Xor'>>, 'YEAR': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Year'>>, 'GLOB': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT': <function build_extract_json_with_path.<locals>._builder>, 'LIKE': <function build_like>, 'LOG2': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOG10': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LEFTPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MOD': <function build_mod>, 'RPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RIGHTPAD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SCOPE_RESOLUTION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TO_HEX': <function _build_to_hex>, 'DIV': <function binary_from_function.<locals>.<lambda>>, 'FORMAT_DATE': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, 'GENERATE_ARRAY': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>>, 'PARSE_DATE': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARSE_TIMESTAMP': <function _build_parse_timestamp>, 'REGEXP_CONTAINS': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>>, 'SHA256': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, 'SHA512': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIMESTAMP_MICROS': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIMESTAMP_MILLIS': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TIMESTAMP_SECONDS': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, 'TO_JSON_STRING': <bound method Func.from_arg_list of <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONFormat'>>, 'FORMAT_DATETIME': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>}
FUNCTION_PARSERS = {'CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONVERT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DECODE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXTRACT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GAP_FILL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_OBJECT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_OBJECTAGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JSON_TABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MATCH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OPENJSON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'POSITION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PREDICT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SAFE_CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRING_AGG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SUBSTRING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_CAST': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRY_CONVERT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ARRAY': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>}
NO_PAREN_FUNCTIONS = {<TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>: <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDate'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>: <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentDatetime'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>: <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTime'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>: <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentTimestamp'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>: <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CurrentUser'>}
NESTED_TYPE_TOKENS = {<TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>}
PROPERTY_PARSERS = {'ALLOWED_VALUES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ALGORITHM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AUTO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'BACKUP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'BLOCKCOMPRESSION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARSET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARACTER SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHECKSUM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTER BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTERED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COLLATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COMMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CONTAINS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COPY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATABLOCKSIZE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DATA_DELETION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DEFINER': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DETERMINISTIC': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DYNAMIC': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DISTKEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DISTSTYLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EMPTY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ENGINE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXECUTE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXTERNAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FALLBACK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FREESPACE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GLOBAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'HEAP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ICEBERG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'IMMUTABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INHERITS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INPUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'JOURNAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LANGUAGE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LAYOUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIFETIME': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIKE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCATION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOCKING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LOG': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MATERIALIZED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MERGEBLOCKRATIO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MODIFIES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'MULTISET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ORDER BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OUTPUT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITION': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITION BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITIONED BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PARTITIONED_BY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RANGE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'READS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'REMOTE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'RETURNS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STRICT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STREAMING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ROW': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ROW_FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SAMPLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SECURE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SETTINGS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SHARING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SORTKEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SOURCE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STABLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'STORED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'SYSTEM_VERSIONING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TBLPROPERTIES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TEMP': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TEMPORARY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TO': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRANSIENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TRANSFORM': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TTL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'USING': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UNLOGGED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'VOLATILE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'WITH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NOT DETERMINISTIC': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, 'OPTIONS': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>}
CONSTRAINT_PARSERS = {'AUTOINCREMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'AUTO_INCREMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CASESPECIFIC': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHARACTER SET': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CHECK': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COLLATE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COMMENT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'COMPRESS': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'CLUSTERED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NONCLUSTERED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'DEFAULT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ENCODE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EPHEMERAL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'EXCLUDE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FOREIGN KEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'FORMAT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'GENERATED': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'IDENTITY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'INLINE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'LIKE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NOT': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'NULL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'ON': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PATH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PERIOD': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'PRIMARY KEY': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'REFERENCES': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TITLE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'TTL': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UNIQUE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'UPPERCASE': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'WITH': <function Parser.<lambda>>, 'OPTIONS': <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>}
RANGE_PARSERS = {<TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.IRLIKE: 'IRLIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>: <function binary_range_parser.<locals>._parse_binary_range>, <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>}
NULL_TOKENS = {<TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>}
STATEMENT_PARSERS = {<TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.SEMICOLON: 'SEMICOLON'>: <function Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.ELSE: 'ELSE'>: <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>: <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>, <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>: <function BigQuery.Parser.<lambda>>}
BRACKET_OFFSETS = {'OFFSET': (0, False), 'ORDINAL': (1, False), 'SAFE_OFFSET': (0, True), 'SAFE_ORDINAL': (1, True)}
ID_VAR_TOKENS = {<TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.UNIQUEIDENTIFIER: 'UNIQUEIDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>}
TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = {<TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>, <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>, <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>, <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>, <TokenType.NESTED: 'NESTED'>, <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>, <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_MS: 'TIMESTAMP_MS'>, <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>, <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>, <TokenType.STORAGE_INTEGRATION: 'STORAGE_INTEGRATION'>, <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>, <TokenType.ENUM8: 'ENUM8'>, <TokenType.RENAME: 'RENAME'>, <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>, <TokenType.NAME: 'NAME'>, <TokenType.VECTOR: 'VECTOR'>, <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>, <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>, <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>, <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>, <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>, <TokenType.TRUNCATE: 'TRUNCATE'>, <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>, <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>, <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>, <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>, <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_NS: 'TIMESTAMP_NS'>, <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>, <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>, <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>, <TokenType.SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>, <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>, <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>, <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>, <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>, <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.YEAR: 'YEAR'>, <TokenType.UMEDIUMINT: 'UMEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>, <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>, <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>, <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>, <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>, <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>, <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>, <TokenType.IPV6: 'IPV6'>, <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>, <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>, <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>, <TokenType.IPPREFIX: 'IPPREFIX'>, <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>, <TokenType.UNIQUEIDENTIFIER: 'UNIQUEIDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.UNKNOWN: 'UNKNOWN'>, <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>, <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>, <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>, <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>, <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>, <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>, <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>, <TokenType.KILL: 'KILL'>, <TokenType.END: 'END'>, <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>, <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>, <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>, <TokenType.OBJECT_IDENTIFIER: 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>, <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>, <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>, <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>, <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>, <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>, <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>, <TokenType.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>, <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>, <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>, <TokenType.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>, <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>, <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>, <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>, <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>, <TokenType.MODEL: 'MODEL'>, <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>, <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>, <TokenType.ENUM: 'ENUM'>, <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>, <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>, <TokenType.FIXEDSTRING: 'FIXEDSTRING'>, <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>, <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>, <TokenType.TDIGEST: 'TDIGEST'>, <TokenType.COPY: 'COPY'>, <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>, <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>, <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>, <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>, <TokenType.OPERATOR: 'OPERATOR'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>, <TokenType.IPADDRESS: 'IPADDRESS'>, <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>, <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>, <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>, <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>, <TokenType.DATE32: 'DATE32'>, <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>, <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.BPCHAR: 'BPCHAR'>, <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>, <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>, <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>, <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>, <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>, <TokenType.WAREHOUSE: 'WAREHOUSE'>, <TokenType.TIMETZ: 'TIMETZ'>, <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>, <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>, <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>, <TokenType.USERDEFINED: 'USERDEFINED'>, <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>, <TokenType.ENUM16: 'ENUM16'>, <TokenType.AGGREGATEFUNCTION: 'AGGREGATEFUNCTION'>, <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>, <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>, <TokenType.TAG: 'TAG'>, <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>, <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>, <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN: 'STRAIGHT_JOIN'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>, <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>, <TokenType.SEQUENCE: 'SEQUENCE'>, <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMINT: 'MEDIUMINT'>, <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>, <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>, <TokenType.LOWCARDINALITY: 'LOWCARDINALITY'>, <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>, <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>, <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>, <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>, <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>, <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>, <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>, <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>, <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>, <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>, <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>, <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>, <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>, <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>, <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>, <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>, <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>, <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>, <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>, <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>, <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>, <TokenType.IPV4: 'IPV4'>, <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>, <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>, <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>, <TokenType.REFRESH: 'REFRESH'>, <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>, <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>, <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>, <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>, <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>, <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>, <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>, <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>, <TokenType.LIST: 'LIST'>, <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ: 'TIMESTAMPNTZ'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP_S: 'TIMESTAMP_S'>, <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>, <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>, <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>, <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>, <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>, <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>, <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>, <TokenType.UDECIMAL: 'UDECIMAL'>, <TokenType.STREAMLIT: 'STREAMLIT'>, <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>, <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>, <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>, <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>}
SHOW_TRIE: Dict = {}
SET_TRIE: Dict = {'GLOBAL': {0: True}, 'LOCAL': {0: True}, 'SESSION': {0: True}, 'TRANSACTION': {0: True}}
Inherited Members
sqlglot.parser.Parser
Parser
STRUCT_TYPE_TOKENS
ENUM_TYPE_TOKENS
AGGREGATE_TYPE_TOKENS
TYPE_TOKENS
SIGNED_TO_UNSIGNED_TYPE_TOKEN
SUBQUERY_PREDICATES
RESERVED_TOKENS
DB_CREATABLES
CREATABLES
ALTERABLES
INTERVAL_VARS
ALIAS_TOKENS
ARRAY_CONSTRUCTORS
COMMENT_TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS
UPDATE_ALIAS_TOKENS
TRIM_TYPES
FUNC_TOKENS
CONJUNCTION
ASSIGNMENT
DISJUNCTION
EQUALITY
COMPARISON
BITWISE
TERM
FACTOR
EXPONENT
TIMES
TIMESTAMPS
SET_OPERATIONS
JOIN_METHODS
JOIN_SIDES
JOIN_KINDS
JOIN_HINTS
LAMBDAS
COLUMN_OPERATORS
EXPRESSION_PARSERS
UNARY_PARSERS
STRING_PARSERS
NUMERIC_PARSERS
PRIMARY_PARSERS
PLACEHOLDER_PARSERS
ALTER_PARSERS
ALTER_ALTER_PARSERS
SCHEMA_UNNAMED_CONSTRAINTS
NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS
INVALID_FUNC_NAME_TOKENS
FUNCTIONS_WITH_ALIASED_ARGS
KEY_VALUE_DEFINITIONS
QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS
SET_PARSERS
SHOW_PARSERS
TYPE_LITERAL_PARSERS
TYPE_CONVERTERS
DDL_SELECT_TOKENS
PRE_VOLATILE_TOKENS
TRANSACTION_KIND
TRANSACTION_CHARACTERISTICS
CONFLICT_ACTIONS
CREATE_SEQUENCE
ISOLATED_LOADING_OPTIONS
USABLES
CAST_ACTIONS
SCHEMA_BINDING_OPTIONS
KEY_CONSTRAINT_OPTIONS
INSERT_ALTERNATIVES
CLONE_KEYWORDS
HISTORICAL_DATA_PREFIX
HISTORICAL_DATA_KIND
OPCLASS_FOLLOW_KEYWORDS
OPTYPE_FOLLOW_TOKENS
TABLE_INDEX_HINT_TOKENS
VIEW_ATTRIBUTES
WINDOW_ALIAS_TOKENS
WINDOW_BEFORE_PAREN_TOKENS
WINDOW_SIDES
JSON_KEY_VALUE_SEPARATOR_TOKENS
FETCH_TOKENS
ADD_CONSTRAINT_TOKENS
DISTINCT_TOKENS
UNNEST_OFFSET_ALIAS_TOKENS
SELECT_START_TOKENS
COPY_INTO_VARLEN_OPTIONS
STRICT_CAST
IDENTIFY_PIVOT_STRINGS
ALTER_TABLE_ADD_REQUIRED_FOR_EACH_COLUMN
TABLESAMPLE_CSV
DEFAULT_SAMPLING_METHOD
SET_REQUIRES_ASSIGNMENT_DELIMITER
TRIM_PATTERN_FIRST
STRING_ALIASES
MODIFIERS_ATTACHED_TO_SET_OP
SET_OP_MODIFIERS
NO_PAREN_IF_COMMANDS
JSON_ARROWS_REQUIRE_JSON_TYPE
COLON_IS_VARIANT_EXTRACT
VALUES_FOLLOWED_BY_PAREN
INTERVAL_SPANS
SUPPORTS_PARTITION_SELECTION
error_level
error_message_context
max_errors
dialect
reset
parse
parse_into
check_errors
raise_error
expression
validate_expression
errors
sql
class BigQuery.Generator(sqlglot.generator.Generator):
613    class Generator(generator.Generator):
614        EXPLICIT_SET_OP = True
615        INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
616        JOIN_HINTS = False
617        QUERY_HINTS = False
618        TABLE_HINTS = False
619        LIMIT_FETCH = "LIMIT"
620        RENAME_TABLE_WITH_DB = False
621        NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
622        UNNEST_WITH_ORDINALITY = False
623        COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
624        LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
625        SUPPORTS_TABLE_ALIAS_COLUMNS = False
626        UNPIVOT_ALIASES_ARE_IDENTIFIERS = False
627        JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ","
628        NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED = False
629        IGNORE_NULLS_IN_FUNC = True
630        JSON_PATH_SINGLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE = True
631        CAN_IMPLEMENT_ARRAY_ANY = True
632        SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
633        NAMED_PLACEHOLDER_TOKEN = "@"
634        HEX_FUNC = "TO_HEX"
635        WITH_PROPERTIES_PREFIX = "OPTIONS"
636        SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS = False
637
638        TRANSFORMS = {
639            **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS,
640            exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT"),
641            exp.ArgMax: arg_max_or_min_no_count("MAX_BY"),
642            exp.ArgMin: arg_max_or_min_no_count("MIN_BY"),
643            exp.Array: inline_array_unless_query,
644            exp.ArrayContains: _array_contains_sql,
645            exp.ArrayFilter: filter_array_using_unnest,
646            exp.ArraySize: rename_func("ARRAY_LENGTH"),
647            exp.Cast: transforms.preprocess([transforms.remove_precision_parameterized_types]),
648            exp.CollateProperty: lambda self, e: (
649                f"DEFAULT COLLATE {self.sql(e, 'this')}"
650                if e.args.get("default")
651                else f"COLLATE {self.sql(e, 'this')}"
652            ),
653            exp.Commit: lambda *_: "COMMIT TRANSACTION",
654            exp.CountIf: rename_func("COUNTIF"),
655            exp.Create: _create_sql,
656            exp.CTE: transforms.preprocess([_pushdown_cte_column_names]),
657            exp.DateAdd: date_add_interval_sql("DATE", "ADD"),
658            exp.DateDiff: lambda self, e: self.func(
659                "DATE_DIFF", e.this, e.expression, unit_to_var(e)
660            ),
661            exp.DateFromParts: rename_func("DATE"),
662            exp.DateStrToDate: datestrtodate_sql,
663            exp.DateSub: date_add_interval_sql("DATE", "SUB"),
664            exp.DatetimeAdd: date_add_interval_sql("DATETIME", "ADD"),
665            exp.DatetimeSub: date_add_interval_sql("DATETIME", "SUB"),
666            exp.DateTrunc: lambda self, e: self.func("DATE_TRUNC", e.this, e.text("unit")),
667            exp.FromTimeZone: lambda self, e: self.func(
668                "DATETIME", self.func("TIMESTAMP", e.this, e.args.get("zone")), "'UTC'"
669            ),
670            exp.GenerateSeries: rename_func("GENERATE_ARRAY"),
671            exp.GroupConcat: rename_func("STRING_AGG"),
672            exp.Hex: lambda self, e: self.func("UPPER", self.func("TO_HEX", self.sql(e, "this"))),
673            exp.If: if_sql(false_value="NULL"),
674            exp.ILike: no_ilike_sql,
675            exp.IntDiv: rename_func("DIV"),
676            exp.JSONFormat: rename_func("TO_JSON_STRING"),
677            exp.Max: max_or_greatest,
678            exp.MD5: lambda self, e: self.func("TO_HEX", self.func("MD5", e.this)),
679            exp.MD5Digest: rename_func("MD5"),
680            exp.Min: min_or_least,
681            exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}",
682            exp.RegexpExtract: lambda self, e: self.func(
683                "REGEXP_EXTRACT",
684                e.this,
685                e.expression,
686                e.args.get("position"),
687                e.args.get("occurrence"),
688            ),
689            exp.RegexpReplace: regexp_replace_sql,
690            exp.RegexpLike: rename_func("REGEXP_CONTAINS"),
691            exp.ReturnsProperty: _returnsproperty_sql,
692            exp.Rollback: lambda *_: "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION",
693            exp.Select: transforms.preprocess(
694                [
695                    transforms.explode_to_unnest(),
696                    transforms.unqualify_unnest,
697                    transforms.eliminate_distinct_on,
698                    _alias_ordered_group,
699                    transforms.eliminate_semi_and_anti_joins,
700                ]
701            ),
702            exp.SHA: rename_func("SHA1"),
703            exp.SHA2: sha256_sql,
704            exp.StabilityProperty: lambda self, e: (
705                "DETERMINISTIC" if e.name == "IMMUTABLE" else "NOT DETERMINISTIC"
706            ),
707            exp.StrToDate: _str_to_datetime_sql,
708            exp.StrToTime: _str_to_datetime_sql,
709            exp.TimeAdd: date_add_interval_sql("TIME", "ADD"),
710            exp.TimeFromParts: rename_func("TIME"),
711            exp.TimestampFromParts: rename_func("DATETIME"),
712            exp.TimeSub: date_add_interval_sql("TIME", "SUB"),
713            exp.TimestampAdd: date_add_interval_sql("TIMESTAMP", "ADD"),
714            exp.TimestampDiff: rename_func("TIMESTAMP_DIFF"),
715            exp.TimestampSub: date_add_interval_sql("TIMESTAMP", "SUB"),
716            exp.TimeStrToTime: timestrtotime_sql,
717            exp.Transaction: lambda *_: "BEGIN TRANSACTION",
718            exp.Trim: lambda self, e: self.func("TRIM", e.this, e.expression),
719            exp.TsOrDsAdd: _ts_or_ds_add_sql,
720            exp.TsOrDsDiff: _ts_or_ds_diff_sql,
721            exp.TsOrDsToTime: rename_func("TIME"),
722            exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp: rename_func("DATETIME"),
723            exp.Unhex: rename_func("FROM_HEX"),
724            exp.UnixDate: rename_func("UNIX_DATE"),
725            exp.UnixToTime: _unix_to_time_sql,
726            exp.Values: _derived_table_values_to_unnest,
727            exp.VariancePop: rename_func("VAR_POP"),
728        }
729
730        SUPPORTED_JSON_PATH_PARTS = {
731            exp.JSONPathKey,
732            exp.JSONPathRoot,
733            exp.JSONPathSubscript,
734        }
735
736        TYPE_MAPPING = {
737            **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING,
738            exp.DataType.Type.BIGDECIMAL: "BIGNUMERIC",
739            exp.DataType.Type.BIGINT: "INT64",
740            exp.DataType.Type.BINARY: "BYTES",
741            exp.DataType.Type.BOOLEAN: "BOOL",
742            exp.DataType.Type.CHAR: "STRING",
743            exp.DataType.Type.DECIMAL: "NUMERIC",
744            exp.DataType.Type.DOUBLE: "FLOAT64",
745            exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "FLOAT64",
746            exp.DataType.Type.INT: "INT64",
747            exp.DataType.Type.NCHAR: "STRING",
748            exp.DataType.Type.NVARCHAR: "STRING",
749            exp.DataType.Type.SMALLINT: "INT64",
750            exp.DataType.Type.TEXT: "STRING",
751            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMP: "DATETIME",
752            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
753            exp.DataType.Type.TIMESTAMPLTZ: "TIMESTAMP",
754            exp.DataType.Type.TINYINT: "INT64",
755            exp.DataType.Type.VARBINARY: "BYTES",
756            exp.DataType.Type.ROWVERSION: "BYTES",
757            exp.DataType.Type.VARCHAR: "STRING",
758            exp.DataType.Type.VARIANT: "ANY TYPE",
759        }
760
761        PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {
762            **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION,
763            exp.PartitionedByProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA,
764            exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED,
765        }
766
767        # WINDOW comes after QUALIFY
768        # https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/query-syntax#window_clause
769        AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS = {
770            "qualify": generator.Generator.AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS["qualify"],
771            "windows": generator.Generator.AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS["windows"],
772        }
773
774        # from: https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/lexical#reserved_keywords
775        RESERVED_KEYWORDS = {
776            "all",
777            "and",
778            "any",
779            "array",
780            "as",
781            "asc",
782            "assert_rows_modified",
783            "at",
784            "between",
785            "by",
786            "case",
787            "cast",
788            "collate",
789            "contains",
790            "create",
791            "cross",
792            "cube",
793            "current",
794            "default",
795            "define",
796            "desc",
797            "distinct",
798            "else",
799            "end",
800            "enum",
801            "escape",
802            "except",
803            "exclude",
804            "exists",
805            "extract",
806            "false",
807            "fetch",
808            "following",
809            "for",
810            "from",
811            "full",
812            "group",
813            "grouping",
814            "groups",
815            "hash",
816            "having",
817            "if",
818            "ignore",
819            "in",
820            "inner",
821            "intersect",
822            "interval",
823            "into",
824            "is",
825            "join",
826            "lateral",
827            "left",
828            "like",
829            "limit",
830            "lookup",
831            "merge",
832            "natural",
833            "new",
834            "no",
835            "not",
836            "null",
837            "nulls",
838            "of",
839            "on",
840            "or",
841            "order",
842            "outer",
843            "over",
844            "partition",
845            "preceding",
846            "proto",
847            "qualify",
848            "range",
849            "recursive",
850            "respect",
851            "right",
852            "rollup",
853            "rows",
854            "select",
855            "set",
856            "some",
857            "struct",
858            "tablesample",
859            "then",
860            "to",
861            "treat",
862            "true",
863            "unbounded",
864            "union",
865            "unnest",
866            "using",
867            "when",
868            "where",
869            "window",
870            "with",
871            "within",
872        }
873
874        def mod_sql(self, expression: exp.Mod) -> str:
875            this = expression.this
876            expr = expression.expression
877            return self.func(
878                "MOD",
879                this.unnest() if isinstance(this, exp.Paren) else this,
880                expr.unnest() if isinstance(expr, exp.Paren) else expr,
881            )
882
883        def column_parts(self, expression: exp.Column) -> str:
884            if expression.meta.get("quoted_column"):
885                # If a column reference is of the form `dataset.table`.name, we need
886                # to preserve the quoted table path, otherwise the reference breaks
887                table_parts = ".".join(p.name for p in expression.parts[:-1])
888                table_path = self.sql(exp.Identifier(this=table_parts, quoted=True))
889                return f"{table_path}.{self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
890
891            return super().column_parts(expression)
892
893        def table_parts(self, expression: exp.Table) -> str:
894            # Depending on the context, `x.y` may not resolve to the same data source as `x`.`y`, so
895            # we need to make sure the correct quoting is used in each case.
896            #
897            # For example, if there is a CTE x that clashes with a schema name, then the former will
898            # return the table y in that schema, whereas the latter will return the CTE's y column:
899            #
900            # - WITH x AS (SELECT [1, 2] AS y) SELECT * FROM x, `x.y`   -> cross join
901            # - WITH x AS (SELECT [1, 2] AS y) SELECT * FROM x, `x`.`y` -> implicit unnest
902            if expression.meta.get("quoted_table"):
903                table_parts = ".".join(p.name for p in expression.parts)
904                return self.sql(exp.Identifier(this=table_parts, quoted=True))
905
906            return super().table_parts(expression)
907
908        def timetostr_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeToStr) -> str:
909            if isinstance(expression.this, exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp):
910                func_name = "FORMAT_DATETIME"
911            else:
912                func_name = "FORMAT_DATE"
913            this = (
914                expression.this
915                if isinstance(expression.this, (exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp, exp.TsOrDsToDate))
916                else expression
917            )
918            return self.func(func_name, self.format_time(expression), this.this)
919
920        def eq_sql(self, expression: exp.EQ) -> str:
921            # Operands of = cannot be NULL in BigQuery
922            if isinstance(expression.left, exp.Null) or isinstance(expression.right, exp.Null):
923                if not isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Update):
924                    return "NULL"
925
926            return self.binary(expression, "=")
927
928        def attimezone_sql(self, expression: exp.AtTimeZone) -> str:
929            parent = expression.parent
930
931            # BigQuery allows CAST(.. AS {STRING|TIMESTAMP} [FORMAT <fmt> [AT TIME ZONE <tz>]]).
932            # Only the TIMESTAMP one should use the below conversion, when AT TIME ZONE is included.
933            if not isinstance(parent, exp.Cast) or not parent.to.is_type("text"):
934                return self.func(
935                    "TIMESTAMP", self.func("DATETIME", expression.this, expression.args.get("zone"))
936                )
937
938            return super().attimezone_sql(expression)
939
940        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
941            return self.cast_sql(expression, safe_prefix="SAFE_")
942
943        def bracket_sql(self, expression: exp.Bracket) -> str:
944            this = expression.this
945            expressions = expression.expressions
946
947            if len(expressions) == 1 and this and this.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT):
948                arg = expressions[0]
949                if arg.type is None:
950                    from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
951
952                    arg = annotate_types(arg)
953
954                if arg.type and arg.type.this in exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES:
955                    # BQ doesn't support bracket syntax with string values for structs
956                    return f"{self.sql(this)}.{arg.name}"
957
958            expressions_sql = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
959            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
960
961            if offset == 0:
962                expressions_sql = f"OFFSET({expressions_sql})"
963            elif offset == 1:
964                expressions_sql = f"ORDINAL({expressions_sql})"
965            elif offset is not None:
966                self.unsupported(f"Unsupported array offset: {offset}")
967
968            if expression.args.get("safe"):
969                expressions_sql = f"SAFE_{expressions_sql}"
970
971            return f"{self.sql(this)}[{expressions_sql}]"
972
973        def in_unnest_op(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
974            return self.sql(expression)
975
976        def except_op(self, expression: exp.Except) -> str:
977            if not expression.args.get("distinct"):
978                self.unsupported("EXCEPT without DISTINCT is not supported in BigQuery")
979            return f"EXCEPT{' DISTINCT' if expression.args.get('distinct') else ' ALL'}"
980
981        def intersect_op(self, expression: exp.Intersect) -> str:
982            if not expression.args.get("distinct"):
983                self.unsupported("INTERSECT without DISTINCT is not supported in BigQuery")
984            return f"INTERSECT{' DISTINCT' if expression.args.get('distinct') else ' ALL'}"
985
986        def version_sql(self, expression: exp.Version) -> str:
987            if expression.name == "TIMESTAMP":
988                expression.set("this", "SYSTEM_TIME")
989            return super().version_sql(expression)

Generator converts a given syntax tree to the corresponding SQL string.

Arguments:
  • pretty: Whether to format the produced SQL string. Default: False.
  • identify: Determines when an identifier should be quoted. Possible values are: False (default): Never quote, except in cases where it's mandatory by the dialect. True or 'always': Always quote. 'safe': Only quote identifiers that are case insensitive.
  • normalize: Whether to normalize identifiers to lowercase. Default: False.
  • pad: The pad size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of a projection in a query, relative to its nesting level. Default: 2.
  • indent: The indentation size in a formatted string. For example, this affects the indentation of subqueries and filters under a WHERE clause. Default: 2.
  • normalize_functions: How to normalize function names. Possible values are: "upper" or True (default): Convert names to uppercase. "lower": Convert names to lowercase. False: Disables function name normalization.
  • unsupported_level: Determines the generator's behavior when it encounters unsupported expressions. Default ErrorLevel.WARN.
  • max_unsupported: Maximum number of unsupported messages to include in a raised UnsupportedError. This is only relevant if unsupported_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
  • leading_comma: Whether the comma is leading or trailing in select expressions. This is only relevant when generating in pretty mode. Default: False
  • max_text_width: The max number of characters in a segment before creating new lines in pretty mode. The default is on the smaller end because the length only represents a segment and not the true line length. Default: 80
  • comments: Whether to preserve comments in the output SQL code. Default: True
EXPLICIT_SET_OP = True
INTERVAL_ALLOWS_PLURAL_FORM = False
JOIN_HINTS = False
QUERY_HINTS = False
TABLE_HINTS = False
LIMIT_FETCH = 'LIMIT'
RENAME_TABLE_WITH_DB = False
NVL2_SUPPORTED = False
UNNEST_WITH_ORDINALITY = False
COLLATE_IS_FUNC = True
LIMIT_ONLY_LITERALS = True
SUPPORTS_TABLE_ALIAS_COLUMNS = False
UNPIVOT_ALIASES_ARE_IDENTIFIERS = False
JSON_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_SEP = ','
NULL_ORDERING_SUPPORTED = False
IGNORE_NULLS_IN_FUNC = True
JSON_PATH_SINGLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE = True
CAN_IMPLEMENT_ARRAY_ANY = True
SUPPORTS_TO_NUMBER = False
NAMED_PLACEHOLDER_TOKEN = '@'
HEX_FUNC = 'TO_HEX'
WITH_PROPERTIES_PREFIX = 'OPTIONS'
SUPPORTS_EXPLODING_PROJECTIONS = False
TRANSFORMS = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathKey'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathRoot'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONPathSubscript'>: <function <lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CaseSpecificColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CommentColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ConnectByRoot'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFormatColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefaultColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DynamicProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EmptyProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EncodeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EphemeralColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExcludeColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InlineLengthColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IntervalSpan'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NonClusteredColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NotForReplicationColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnUpdateColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Operator'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PathColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PivotAny'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ProjectionPolicyColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <function _returnsproperty_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecureProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Stream'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StreamingTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TagColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TitleColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToMap'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UppercaseColumnConstraint'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VarMap'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSchemaBindingProperty'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithOperator'>: <function Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ApproxDistinct'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMax'>: <function arg_max_or_min_no_count.<locals>._arg_max_or_min_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArgMin'>: <function arg_max_or_min_no_count.<locals>._arg_max_or_min_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Array'>: <function inline_array_unless_query>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayContains'>: <function _array_contains_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArrayFilter'>: <function filter_array_using_unnest>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ArraySize'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cast'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateProperty'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Commit'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CountIf'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Create'>: <function _create_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CTE'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateAdd'>: <function date_add_interval_sql.<locals>.func>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateDiff'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateFromParts'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateStrToDate'>: <function datestrtodate_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateSub'>: <function date_add_interval_sql.<locals>.func>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeAdd'>: <function date_add_interval_sql.<locals>.func>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DatetimeSub'>: <function date_add_interval_sql.<locals>.func>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DateTrunc'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FromTimeZone'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GenerateSeries'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GroupConcat'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Hex'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.If'>: <function if_sql.<locals>._if_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ILike'>: <function no_ilike_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IntDiv'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JSONFormat'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Max'>: <function max_or_greatest>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MD5Digest'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Min'>: <function min_or_least>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByProperty'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpExtract'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpReplace'>: <function regexp_replace_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RegexpLike'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Rollback'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Select'>: <function preprocess.<locals>._to_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SHA2'>: <function sha256_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToDate'>: <function _str_to_datetime_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrToTime'>: <function _str_to_datetime_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeAdd'>: <function date_add_interval_sql.<locals>.func>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeFromParts'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampFromParts'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeSub'>: <function date_add_interval_sql.<locals>.func>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampAdd'>: <function date_add_interval_sql.<locals>.func>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampDiff'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimestampSub'>: <function date_add_interval_sql.<locals>.func>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TimeStrToTime'>: <function timestrtotime_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Transaction'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Trim'>: <function BigQuery.Generator.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsAdd'>: <function _ts_or_ds_add_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsDiff'>: <function _ts_or_ds_diff_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTime'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TsOrDsToTimestamp'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Unhex'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixDate'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnixToTime'>: <function _unix_to_time_sql>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Values'>: <function _derived_table_values_to_unnest>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VariancePop'>: <function rename_func.<locals>.<lambda>>}
TYPE_MAPPING = {<Type.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>: 'STRING', <Type.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>: 'STRING', <Type.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.TINYTEXT: 'TINYTEXT'>: 'TEXT', <Type.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.TINYBLOB: 'TINYBLOB'>: 'BLOB', <Type.INET: 'INET'>: 'INET', <Type.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>: 'BYTES', <Type.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>: 'BIGNUMERIC', <Type.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>: 'INT64', <Type.BINARY: 'BINARY'>: 'BYTES', <Type.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>: 'BOOL', <Type.CHAR: 'CHAR'>: 'STRING', <Type.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>: 'NUMERIC', <Type.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>: 'FLOAT64', <Type.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>: 'FLOAT64', <Type.INT: 'INT'>: 'INT64', <Type.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>: 'INT64', <Type.TEXT: 'TEXT'>: 'STRING', <Type.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>: 'DATETIME', <Type.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>: 'TIMESTAMP', <Type.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>: 'INT64', <Type.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>: 'BYTES', <Type.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>: 'STRING', <Type.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>: 'ANY TYPE'}
PROPERTIES_LOCATION = {<class 'sqlglot.expressions.AllowedValuesProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AlgorithmProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoIncrementProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.AutoRefreshProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BackupProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.BlockCompressionProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CharacterSetProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ChecksumProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CollateProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.CopyGrantsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Cluster'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ClusteredByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataBlocksizeProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DataDeletionProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DefinerProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictRange'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DynamicProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.DistStyleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EmptyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.EngineProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExecuteAsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ExternalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FallbackProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FileFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.FreespaceProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.GlobalProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.HeapProperty'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InheritsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IcebergProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.InputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.IsolatedLoadingProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.JournalProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LanguageProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LikeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LocationProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LockingProperty'>: <Location.POST_ALIAS: 'POST_ALIAS'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.LogProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MaterializedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeBlockRatioProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.NoPrimaryIndexProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OnCommitProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Order'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.OutputModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedByProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PartitionedOfProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.PrimaryKey'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Property'>: <Location.POST_WITH: 'POST_WITH'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RemoteWithConnectionModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ReturnsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatDelimitedProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.RowFormatSerdeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SampleProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SchemaCommentProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SecureProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SerdeProperties'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.Set'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SettingsProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SetConfigProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SharingProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SequenceProperties'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SortKeyProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlReadWriteProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.SqlSecurityProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StabilityProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StreamingTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.StrictProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TemporaryProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ToTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransientProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.TransformModelProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.MergeTreeTTL'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.UnloggedProperty'>: <Location.POST_CREATE: 'POST_CREATE'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.ViewAttributeProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.VolatileProperty'>: <Location.UNSUPPORTED: 'UNSUPPORTED'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithDataProperty'>: <Location.POST_EXPRESSION: 'POST_EXPRESSION'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithJournalTableProperty'>: <Location.POST_NAME: 'POST_NAME'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSchemaBindingProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>, <class 'sqlglot.expressions.WithSystemVersioningProperty'>: <Location.POST_SCHEMA: 'POST_SCHEMA'>}
AFTER_HAVING_MODIFIER_TRANSFORMS = {'qualify': <function Generator.<lambda>>, 'windows': <function Generator.<lambda>>}
RESERVED_KEYWORDS = {'from', 'else', 'cast', 'union', 'then', 'left', 'as', 'using', 'and', 'with', 'true', 'no', 'grouping', 'recursive', 'distinct', 'or', 'for', 'rollup', 'null', 'is', 'some', 'except', 'set', 'groups', 'rows', 'false', 'cross', 'intersect', 'qualify', 'when', 'unbounded', 'where', 'merge', 'within', 'window', 'new', 'full', 'right', 'all', 'create', 'inner', 'define', 'lookup', 'interval', 'hash', 'in', 'not', 'select', 'escape', 'on', 'limit', 'desc', 'cube', 'between', 'over', 'group', 'extract', 'having', 'like', 'unnest', 'join', 'outer', 'treat', 'asc', 'nulls', 'fetch', 'order', 'array', 'natural', 'if', 'partition', 'end', 'collate', 'exists', 'any', 'enum', 'by', 'ignore', 'struct', 'tablesample', 'respect', 'case', 'at', 'lateral', 'exclude', 'current', 'contains', 'preceding', 'of', 'default', 'proto', 'to', 'range', 'into', 'assert_rows_modified', 'following'}
def mod_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Mod) -> str:
874        def mod_sql(self, expression: exp.Mod) -> str:
875            this = expression.this
876            expr = expression.expression
877            return self.func(
878                "MOD",
879                this.unnest() if isinstance(this, exp.Paren) else this,
880                expr.unnest() if isinstance(expr, exp.Paren) else expr,
881            )
def column_parts(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Column) -> str:
883        def column_parts(self, expression: exp.Column) -> str:
884            if expression.meta.get("quoted_column"):
885                # If a column reference is of the form `dataset.table`.name, we need
886                # to preserve the quoted table path, otherwise the reference breaks
887                table_parts = ".".join(p.name for p in expression.parts[:-1])
888                table_path = self.sql(exp.Identifier(this=table_parts, quoted=True))
889                return f"{table_path}.{self.sql(expression, 'this')}"
890
891            return super().column_parts(expression)
def table_parts(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Table) -> str:
893        def table_parts(self, expression: exp.Table) -> str:
894            # Depending on the context, `x.y` may not resolve to the same data source as `x`.`y`, so
895            # we need to make sure the correct quoting is used in each case.
896            #
897            # For example, if there is a CTE x that clashes with a schema name, then the former will
898            # return the table y in that schema, whereas the latter will return the CTE's y column:
899            #
900            # - WITH x AS (SELECT [1, 2] AS y) SELECT * FROM x, `x.y`   -> cross join
901            # - WITH x AS (SELECT [1, 2] AS y) SELECT * FROM x, `x`.`y` -> implicit unnest
902            if expression.meta.get("quoted_table"):
903                table_parts = ".".join(p.name for p in expression.parts)
904                return self.sql(exp.Identifier(this=table_parts, quoted=True))
905
906            return super().table_parts(expression)
def timetostr_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.TimeToStr) -> str:
908        def timetostr_sql(self, expression: exp.TimeToStr) -> str:
909            if isinstance(expression.this, exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp):
910                func_name = "FORMAT_DATETIME"
911            else:
912                func_name = "FORMAT_DATE"
913            this = (
914                expression.this
915                if isinstance(expression.this, (exp.TsOrDsToTimestamp, exp.TsOrDsToDate))
916                else expression
917            )
918            return self.func(func_name, self.format_time(expression), this.this)
def eq_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.EQ) -> str:
920        def eq_sql(self, expression: exp.EQ) -> str:
921            # Operands of = cannot be NULL in BigQuery
922            if isinstance(expression.left, exp.Null) or isinstance(expression.right, exp.Null):
923                if not isinstance(expression.parent, exp.Update):
924                    return "NULL"
925
926            return self.binary(expression, "=")
def attimezone_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.AtTimeZone) -> str:
928        def attimezone_sql(self, expression: exp.AtTimeZone) -> str:
929            parent = expression.parent
930
931            # BigQuery allows CAST(.. AS {STRING|TIMESTAMP} [FORMAT <fmt> [AT TIME ZONE <tz>]]).
932            # Only the TIMESTAMP one should use the below conversion, when AT TIME ZONE is included.
933            if not isinstance(parent, exp.Cast) or not parent.to.is_type("text"):
934                return self.func(
935                    "TIMESTAMP", self.func("DATETIME", expression.this, expression.args.get("zone"))
936                )
937
938            return super().attimezone_sql(expression)
def trycast_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.TryCast) -> str:
940        def trycast_sql(self, expression: exp.TryCast) -> str:
941            return self.cast_sql(expression, safe_prefix="SAFE_")
def bracket_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Bracket) -> str:
943        def bracket_sql(self, expression: exp.Bracket) -> str:
944            this = expression.this
945            expressions = expression.expressions
946
947            if len(expressions) == 1 and this and this.is_type(exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT):
948                arg = expressions[0]
949                if arg.type is None:
950                    from sqlglot.optimizer.annotate_types import annotate_types
951
952                    arg = annotate_types(arg)
953
954                if arg.type and arg.type.this in exp.DataType.TEXT_TYPES:
955                    # BQ doesn't support bracket syntax with string values for structs
956                    return f"{self.sql(this)}.{arg.name}"
957
958            expressions_sql = self.expressions(expression, flat=True)
959            offset = expression.args.get("offset")
960
961            if offset == 0:
962                expressions_sql = f"OFFSET({expressions_sql})"
963            elif offset == 1:
964                expressions_sql = f"ORDINAL({expressions_sql})"
965            elif offset is not None:
966                self.unsupported(f"Unsupported array offset: {offset}")
967
968            if expression.args.get("safe"):
969                expressions_sql = f"SAFE_{expressions_sql}"
970
971            return f"{self.sql(this)}[{expressions_sql}]"
def in_unnest_op(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Unnest) -> str:
973        def in_unnest_op(self, expression: exp.Unnest) -> str:
974            return self.sql(expression)
def except_op(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Except) -> str:
976        def except_op(self, expression: exp.Except) -> str:
977            if not expression.args.get("distinct"):
978                self.unsupported("EXCEPT without DISTINCT is not supported in BigQuery")
979            return f"EXCEPT{' DISTINCT' if expression.args.get('distinct') else ' ALL'}"
def intersect_op(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Intersect) -> str:
981        def intersect_op(self, expression: exp.Intersect) -> str:
982            if not expression.args.get("distinct"):
983                self.unsupported("INTERSECT without DISTINCT is not supported in BigQuery")
984            return f"INTERSECT{' DISTINCT' if expression.args.get('distinct') else ' ALL'}"
def version_sql(self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Version) -> str:
986        def version_sql(self, expression: exp.Version) -> str:
987            if expression.name == "TIMESTAMP":
988                expression.set("this", "SYSTEM_TIME")
989            return super().version_sql(expression)
TRY_SUPPORTED = False
SUPPORTS_UESCAPE = False
SUPPORTS_NULLABLE_TYPES = False
Inherited Members
sqlglot.generator.Generator
Generator
LOCKING_READS_SUPPORTED
WRAP_DERIVED_VALUES
CREATE_FUNCTION_RETURN_AS
MATCHED_BY_SOURCE
SINGLE_STRING_INTERVAL
GROUPINGS_SEP
INDEX_ON
QUERY_HINT_SEP
IS_BOOL_ALLOWED
DUPLICATE_KEY_UPDATE_WITH_SET
LIMIT_IS_TOP
RETURNING_END
EXTRACT_ALLOWS_QUOTES
TZ_TO_WITH_TIME_ZONE
SELECT_KINDS
VALUES_AS_TABLE
ALTER_TABLE_INCLUDE_COLUMN_KEYWORD
AGGREGATE_FILTER_SUPPORTED
SEMI_ANTI_JOIN_WITH_SIDE
COMPUTED_COLUMN_WITH_TYPE
SUPPORTS_TABLE_COPY
TABLESAMPLE_REQUIRES_PARENS
TABLESAMPLE_SIZE_IS_ROWS
TABLESAMPLE_KEYWORDS
TABLESAMPLE_WITH_METHOD
TABLESAMPLE_SEED_KEYWORD
DATA_TYPE_SPECIFIERS_ALLOWED
ENSURE_BOOLS
CTE_RECURSIVE_KEYWORD_REQUIRED
SUPPORTS_SINGLE_ARG_CONCAT
LAST_DAY_SUPPORTS_DATE_PART
INSERT_OVERWRITE
SUPPORTS_SELECT_INTO
SUPPORTS_UNLOGGED_TABLES
SUPPORTS_CREATE_TABLE_LIKE
LIKE_PROPERTY_INSIDE_SCHEMA
MULTI_ARG_DISTINCT
JSON_TYPE_REQUIRED_FOR_EXTRACTION
JSON_PATH_BRACKETED_KEY_SUPPORTED
SET_OP_MODIFIERS
COPY_PARAMS_ARE_WRAPPED
COPY_PARAMS_EQ_REQUIRED
COPY_HAS_INTO_KEYWORD
STAR_EXCEPT
QUOTE_JSON_PATH
PAD_FILL_PATTERN_IS_REQUIRED
ARRAY_CONCAT_IS_VAR_LEN
SUPPORTS_CONVERT_TIMEZONE
PARSE_JSON_NAME
TIME_PART_SINGULARS
TOKEN_MAPPING
STRUCT_DELIMITER
PARAMETER_TOKEN
WITH_SEPARATED_COMMENTS
EXCLUDE_COMMENTS
UNWRAPPED_INTERVAL_VALUES
PARAMETERIZABLE_TEXT_TYPES
EXPRESSIONS_WITHOUT_NESTED_CTES
SENTINEL_LINE_BREAK
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